DICTIONARY

AbaraRib, as an actual skeletal structure, and not the associated kyūsho
Abunai危ないDangerous or precarious
Adaya徒矢Arrow that misses its mark
Agaru上がるTo rise up
Agatsu吾勝Victory over the self
Age揚げRising
Age empi uchi揚猿臂打ちRising elbow strike; also tate empi uchi or age hiji uchi
Age uchi揚げ打ちUppercut
Age haisoku uchi揚背足受打ちRising instep strike
Age hiji uchi揚肘打ちRising elbow strike; also tate empi uchi or age empi uchi
Age kakato geri揚踵蹴Rising heel kick to the rear, a quick snapping kick, not a kekomi
Agena Shokuho (1870 – 1924)Okinawan karateka (Shuri-te) and expert in kobudō; also Tairaguwa Gushikawa or Agena Ukikata
Age uke揚げ受けRising block; also aji uke
Age uke gyaku ashi揚げ受け逆足Upper block (reverse foot); also gyaku age uke
Age tsuki揚げ突きRising punch
AgoChin or jaw
Ago tsuki顎突きStraight punch to the chin
Ago oshiKin van tegenstander omhoogduwen om zijn evenwicht / balans te verstoren
Ago uchi / Seiken ago uchi顎打ち(Trek)Stoot naar de kin
Agura胡座Informal cross-legged sitting; also agura wo kaku or, more formally, as anza 安座, cf. seiza
Agura wo kaku胡座をかくInformal seating position
AidaDistance, interval; also ma
Aiki合気“Meeting of the ki,” impassive state of mind of the combatant
Aikibattō合気抜刀Sword drawing exercise, solo or paired
Aikidō合気道A shin or gendai budō; lit “way of the unification of the spirit”
Aiki in yo hō合気陰陽法“Harmony of mind based on Yin and Yang”
Aiki jō合気杖Stick or staff used in aikidō or the set of techniques using that staff
Aiki jujutsu合気柔術“Gentle art of the unification of the spirit”
Aikiken aikidō合気剣合気道Aikidō versus an opponent armed with a staff or sword
Aikuchi合い口 or 匕首Lit “fitting mouth”; tantō or very short samurai sword
Ai satsu挨拶Greetings and conversational etiquette, including congratulations, thanks and fellowship
Ai tsuki相突Mutual thrust
Ai uchi相打ちSimultaneous strike; mutual kill
Akahachi OyakeiOkinawan expert in bōjutsu, credited with the kata, Akahachi no gyakubō
Akai or Aka赤いRed
Aka (shiro) ipponRood (wit) scoort een ippon (vol punt)
Aka (shiro) no kachiRood (wit) heeft gewonnen
Aka obi赤帯Red belt, signifying high dan grade
Akamine Eisuke (1925-1999)Okinawan expert of kobudō
Akiresukenアキレス腱Achilles tendon
Akogare憧れ“Yearning,” as for knowledge or exposure to the martial ways
Akō gishi赤穂義士The tale of the 47 ronin; lit. “loyal samurai of Akō”
Akō rōshi赤穂浪士The tale of the 47 ronin; lit. “the Akō wandering samurai”
Aku ga nuketa hito灰汁が抜けた人Someone who thinks of the welfare of others before that of her/himself.
Aku ga tsuyoi灰汁が強“Being strong in lye”: someone who is so full of her/himself that s/he is difficult to be near
AmadoLower neck (target)
Amakuni Yasutsuna (c. 700)天國 安綱First Japanese swordsmith to use folding process
AnkenThrowing knife or star; also shuriken, byō, daken, fusatsuken, gekiken, onken, sanbukaken, shaken or tōken
AnkiHidden weapons of Okinawa
Antei安定Balance and stability
Anza安座Informal cross-legged sitting; cf. seiza; also agura 胡座
Anzen安全Safety
Anzen chitai安全地帯Comfort zone
Aoi青いBlue or green
Aragaki no konBō kata
Ararebōあられ棒Japanese weapon, hardwood club about 40 cm long with metal ends
Arhat BoxingMonk Fist Boxing; also Lohan Boxing or Luohan Quan 羅漢拳
Arigatō有難うThank you
Arigatō gozaimasu有り难う御座いますSemiformal “thank you”
Arigatō gozaimashita有り難う御座いましたFormal “thank you”
Arukikata歩き方Methods of walking, the way one walks
Asade dake浅手丈?“It’s only a flesh wound”
Asagasumi朝霞Literally “morning mist”; body area under the chin, bottom of chin or chin itself; vital point
Asa geiko朝稽古Morning training or early morning training, especially in reference to summer training (training on the hottest day of the year)
Asahi旭 or 朝日Morning sun, sunrise
Asano Naganori (1667 – 1701)浅野長矩Daimyō whose suicide triggered the events told in the story of the 47 ronin
AseSweat
AshiFoot
AshiLeg
Ashi ate足当Foot strike
Ashi barai足払いFoot sweep
Ashi fumi足踏Foot stamp
Ashi fumikae足踏み替えTo change legs; lit “leg exchange”
Ashi gataPositie der voeten
Ashi gatana足刀Foot sword; also called sokuto
Ashihara Kaikan芦原会館Karate dō style founded 1980 by Ashihara Hideyuki (1944 – 1995)
Ashi kōtai足交代Literally, “feet alternation,” command to switch sides during a drill
Ashikubi足首Ankle, literally “neck of the foot”
Ashikubi o mawasu undō足首を回す運動Foot and ankle circle, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Ashi no kō足の甲Instep
Ashi no ura足の裏Sole of the foot
Ashi o mae yoko ni nobasu undō足を前横に伸ばす運動Leg lift and turn, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Ashi sabaki足さばきFootwork
Ashi saki o ageru undō足先を上げる運動Heel pivot, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Ashi waza足技Foot technique
Ashi yubi足指Toes
Ashi zoko足底Sole of the foot; also Teisoku
Asobi ja nai遊びじゃない“Don’t fool around”
Asobi te遊び手Playing at martial arts; sport martial arts.
AtamaHead
Atatameru温めるTo warm oneself through physical exercise
Ate当てStrike
Atemi当身Striking on the body, during kihon
Atemi no kokyū当身の呼吸The rhythm or feeling of striking
Atemi wazaSlagtechnieken naar het lichaam
Atenai yoniWaarschuwing zonder straf
Ateru当てるTo strike, hit, touch
AtoBack or behind; also kō
Ato ashi後足Back foot
Ato no kehanashi後の蹴離しSnapping kick using the back of the foot
Ato uchi後打Delayed strike; feint
Ato uchi waza後打技Feinting techniques
Ato tsuki後突Delayed punch; breaking the anticipated rhythm of a punch
Au会うTo meet; as in to meet an opponent in contest
Awase合せCombined
Awase waza合せ技Combined techniques
Awase tsuki合せ突きFlowing punch; U punch; also morote zuki; also, a straight punch delivered and withdrawn at high speed.
Awase morote tsuki合せ諸手突きDouble flowing punch
Awase uchi合せ打Combined strike
Awase uke合せ受けCombined block
Awase age uke合せ揚受けCombined upper block with both arms
Awase mawashi uke合せ回し受けCombined roundhouse block as in karate kata Kanku Dai
Awase mawashi kake uke合せ回し掛受けCombined roundhouse hooking block as in karate kata
Awasete ippon合せて一本Scoring ippon by combining two waza ari
Ayumi歩みStep or pace
Ayumi ashi歩み足Normal, ordinary walking, where the legs move forward alternatively, cf. tsugiashi
BaHorse
Baguazhang八卦掌“Eight trigram palm,” one of the three best known styles of internal Chinese boxing; also pa kua chang
Baida白打Chinese name for atemi to vital points; lit “white strike”; Japanese: hakuda; Okinawan: beida
Bajutsu馬術Art of horsemanship
Baka馬鹿Stupid, silly, foolish, a fool, an idiot, an ass, a moron, a jerk
Baka o miru馬鹿を見る“To make a fool of oneself”
BakbakanLit “to fight or brawl,” modern Filipino fighting system
Bakufu幕府Samurai government under a shōgun
Banbutsu ryuten万物流転“All things are in a state of flux”
Bandōmusha関東武者Someone of civility, propriety or dignity; a samurai of the Kantō region
Bando yogaYoga practiced by ancient warriors of northern Burma
Bankokuchōki蛮国蝶器Forged iron knuckleduster of the Nagao ryū; metal ring with spikes, Japanese weapon; also tekkan-su
Banzai万歳Congratulations, hurrah, long life, literally “ten thousand years”
Barai払いSweep (combination form)
-basami挟みScissors (combination form)
Bassai Dai披塞大Karate kata, “To penetrate a fortress, major”
Bassai Sho披塞小Karate kata, “To penetrate a fortress, minor”
Battō抜刀Sword drawing; drawn or naked blade
Battōjutsu抜刀術Art/science of drawing a sword
Beikoku米国America
Beikokujin米国人kAmerican
Benkyō勉強Study
Benzoku dachiA leg-crossing transitional stance, one foot crossed diagonally in front of the other, prior to turning
Betsuden別傳“Separate or special transmission”; secret teaching to the highest or most loyal students
BiNose; also hana
Bluming, Jon (1933 – 2019)Dutch jūdōka and Kyokushinkai karateka
A long staff; a staff of any length
Bōdō棒道The way of the staff, a gendai budō
Bōgyo防御Defense
Boin母印Thumbprint, often used on certificates as a means of authentication
Bōjutsu棒術Art of the staff
Bokken木剣Wooden sword; also bokutō 木刀
Bokken kake木剣掛けLit “wooden sword hook”; a rack for holding bokken
BokuTree; wood; wooden
Bokuseki墨跡Form of Japanese calligraphy, shodō
Bokusen木扇Wooden fan; a wooden tenarashi, a weapon that looks like a closed folding fan; also tenarashigata bokusen
Bokutō木刀Wooden sword; also bokken 木剣
Bō ryaku谋略Strategy
Bōryoku暴力Violence
Boshi拇指Thumb
Boshiken拇指拳Thumb tip strike
Boshi uchi拇指打ちA thumb strike
Bō shuriken棒手裏剣Throwing spikes
Buai geiko randoride hardste manier van vechten; niet op wedstrijdregels tot het uiterste gaan
Budō武道Martial way
Budō dentō bunka武道伝統文化Traditional martial arts culture
Budokabeoefenaar van een of meerdere Japanse krijgskunsten
Budōkan武道館Budō hall; budō training hall
Budōkan武道館Shortened form of Nippon Budōkan, the large hall in Tōkyō
Budō seishin武道精神Martial spirit
Budōshi武道士Colloquially, a person who emulates the spirit of budō
Budōshoshinshū武道初心集“Elementary readings in the martial ways,” a book by Daidōji Yūzan (1639 – 1730)
Budō Tetsugaku Giron武道哲学議論Martial ways philosophy discussion
Bugei武芸Martial craft or art
Bugei juhappan武芸十八般The 18 traditional martial arts
Bugeisha武芸者Exponent of the bugei
Bujin武人Military person; soldier
Bujutsu武術Martial art or martial craft; in Chinese, wushu
Bukatsu部活Sports or culture club
Buke temae武家点前A specific kind of tea ceremony reserved for bushi, whose techniques included the use of certain tea utensils for defense and attack
Buki武器A general term for “weapon”
Buki’gwaOkinawan weapons or weapons fighting
Buki homanier(en) wapens te hanteren
Bukinashi武器無Unarmed
Buki no bu武器の武Armed attack
Buki rei武器礼Formal bow to one’s weapon
Bukiwaza武器技Weapons techniques
Bukkyō仏教Buddhism
Bukyō武教Teachings of Bushidō
BunAcademic learning
BunbunbaiぶんぶんばいClassical Japanese flail weapon
Bungaku文学Literature
Bunka文化Culture, civilization
Bunkai分解Literarry “having been cut into many parts”; analysis of kata, including applications (ōyō)
Busai武歳 or 武才Martial intuition, martial mind, martial awareness, correct martial way
Bushi武士Aristocratic warrior, including the level of the samurai
Bushidō武士道The way of the warrior; the samurai code of conduct
Bushin武心Spiritual level of the martial ways; also take no kami
Bushi no ichi gon武士の言“The word of a samurai”; the guarantee of truth
Bushi no kagami武士の鑑A paragon of the warrior
Bushi no nasake武士の情け“The gentleness of the warrior”
Bushi no te武士の手“The hand of the warrior”
Busho不精Lazy
Busō武装Armaments, literally, “martial dressing”
Butsukari打つ借りStopping the opponent’s charge (in trainining) and swinging him/her down
ButsukariぶつかりTraining through repeated movements
Butsumetsu仏滅Floating rib
Butsutekishigen物的資源Lectures
Buyu武友Martial friends
ChaTea; brown
Chadai茶代Mat fee paid when visiting a dōjō, normally paid to a senior student discretely before class begins
Chadō茶道The way of tea; the tea ceremony; also sadō or cha no yu
Chairo茶色Brown
Chajin茶人“Person of tea,” someone accomplished in the way of the Japanese tea ceremony, Chadō
Chakuchi着地Landing after a jump; alight to ground
Chakuchi ashi着地足“Replacement foot”; stepping where one foot takes the place of another
Chakugan着眼To pay attention; point of visual focus
Chakuriki借力To reverse or return an opponent’s strength or ki
Chakuriki no heihō借力の兵法The strategy of borrowing strength from another source, like one’s opponent
Chakuza着座Act of kneeling and settling into seiza; command to sit in seiza
Cha no yu茶の湯Tea ceremony
Cha obi茶帯Brown belt
Chashitsu茶室“Tea room,” hut for sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony
Chasen gamiKnot; knoopkapsel van de Samurai
Chashitsutō茶室 刀“Tea room sword,” short bokutō (wooden sword) carried in a chashitsu (tea room), where conventional weapons such as the katana were prohibited
Chaya茶屋Japanese teahouse (also chashitsu 茶室) or tea dealer; euphemism for Edo period brothel
Chen shi taijiquan陈氏太極拳Chen style tai chi chu’an
ChiEarth (one of the Five Elements); ground; region
ChiBlood
ChiChinese pronunciation of ki; also qi
Chiburi血振りThe action of removing blood from a blade in iaidō
ChichiBreast; also nyū
Chichigiribō乳切棒Lit “chest cut staff,” classical Japanese weapon, a hardwood staff that reached from the ground to the chest, approximately the length of a jō, a kobuki or minor weapon in use from the Kamakura period (1192-1332) on; also chigirikibō
Chidori ashi千鳥足Crossover step, as in the karatedō kata Naihanchi, also kani ashi; stagger or reel as if drunk; “thousand feet” (type of tai sabaki); sliding the feet moving sideways
Chigai違いDifference, discrepancy
Chigau違う“It’s different,” “No”
Chigirikibō乳切木棒Classical Japanese weapon, a hardwood staff that reached from the ground to the chest, approximately the length of a jō, a kobuki or minor weapon in use from the Kamakura period (1192-1332) on; also chichigiribō
Chiisai小さいSmall or little
Chi ishi力石Hojo undō device, stone weight attached to a stick; also chikara ishi
Chikai近いNear or close; to close with an opponent
Chikamade afstand tijdens een gevecht waarbij direct raken mogelijk is zonder een (in)stap te moeten maken
ChikaraPhysical strength; power; capability; influence; also ryoku
Chikara ireteinnerlijke kracht / spirit
Chikara ishi力石Hojo undō device, stone weight attached to a stick; also chi ishi
Chikara no daishikatade uitbreiding van de kracht
Chikara o nuku力を抜くLit “more skill, less force”; let go of strength/tension; relax
Chikara o dasukracht vergroten
Chika yoru近寄るTo shorten the distance to the opponent
Chikubi乳首Nipple (target)
Chi kung氣功Cultivation of qi, internal energy (Chinese)
Chikutō竹刀Bamboo practice sword; shinai
ChimugukuruOkinawan term for the secrets of the martial arts
Chinchaku沈着Composure, calmness
Chin kon鎮魂Calming the spirit
Chin kuchiチンクチFocused, controlled energy or ki
Chinugui血拭いClassical actions of removing blood from sword, as distinguished from the symbolic chiburi
Chio ken地王拳Methods of defense against a continuous attack commencing with a kick
Chisaiklein
Chisa katana小さ刀Japanese sword that is shorter than a katana but longer than a wakizashi
Chisei知声Knowing voice, a kind of kiai
Chitai地帯Zone or area
Chitai no geriwaza帯の蹴り技Kicking zone
Chitai no uchiwaza帯の打技Striking zone
Chitai no katamawaza帯の固め技Grappling zone
Chitai no newaza帯の寝技Ground fighting zone
Chitai no buki waza帯の武器技Individual weapon zone
Chi wa mizu yori mo koshi血は水よりも濃しLit “blood is thicker than water”
ChōJump
Chōbō長棒Long staff
Chōdo kakeStand for a sword or arrows
Chokkakuhaaks op elkaar
Chokkan直観Lit “intuition”; to know the proper response without thinking
ChokuDirect or straight
Chokuritsu直立Natural stance, shizentai, musubi dachi
Chokusen直線Direct/straight line
Chokutō直刀Straight sword
Choku tsuki直突きDirect thrust, straight punch, often performed in hachiji dachi; sometimes kara tsuki
Chonmage丁髷The topknot worn by bushi
Chōsen朝鮮Korea
Choshi調子Rhythm; tone; pitch; time; vein; mood; way; manner; style; condition; state of health
Choshi waza調子技Techniques that harmonize with attacker’s momentum
Cho shinflexibele geest
Cho sukoflexibel lichaam
ChototsuKyoshi mato (vital point target) between the eyes
Chotto一寸 ちょっとA little; just a bit; “Hey!”
Chōwa調子Accommodation; harmony
ChōwasuruTo harmonise with an opponent
Chōyaku跳躍Jumping (type of tai sabaki)
Chōyaku hangeki跳躍反撃Counterattack which involves jumping
Chōyaku jutsu跳躍術Training in leaping and jumping
ChūLoyalty
ChūMiddle; also naka
Ch’uan fa拳法Chinese boxing; “way of the fist”; also Ken Fat (Cantonese)
Ch’uan shuFist art
Chūdan中段Middle level
Chūdan age hiza geri中段揚膝蹴りMiddle level rising knee strike
Chūdan barai uke中段払い受けMiddle level sweeping block
Chūdan choku tsuki中段直突きMiddle level straight punch
Chūdan empi uke中段猿臂受けMiddle level elbow block
Chūdan gyaku tsuki中段逆突きMiddle level reverse punch
Chūdan mawashi hiza geri中段回し膝蹴りMiddle level roundhouse knee strike
Chūdan kagi tsuki中段鈎突きMiddle level hook punch
Chūdan keitō uke中段鶏頭受けMiddle level chicken head wrist block
Chūdan mawashi empi中段回し猿臂Middle level roundhouse elbow (strike)
Chūdan mae geri中段前蹴りMiddle level front kick
Chūdan morote tsuki中段諸手突きMiddle level two-handed punch
Chūdan no kamae中段の構えMiddle level stance or middle level guard; in kenjutsu, the tip of the sword is aimed at the throat
Chūdan oi tsuki中段追い突きMiddle level lunge punch; also jun tsuki
Chūdan ryōshō tsukami uke中段両掌掴み受Middle level both hands grasping block
Chūdan shuto uke中段手刀受けMiddle level knife hand block
Chūdan teisho furi uchi中段底掌振打ちMiddle level palm heel circular strike
Chūdan uchi中段打ちMiddle level strike
Chūdan uchi uke中段内受けMiddle level inside block
Chūdan ude uke中段内腕けMiddle level forearm block
Chūdan ura mikazuki geri中段裏三日月蹴りMiddle level reverse crescent moon kick
Chūdan ushiro empi中段後ろ猿臂Middle level back elbow (strike)
Chūdan ushiro geri中段後ろ蹴りMiddle level back kick
Chūdan yoko empi uchi中段横猿臂打ちMiddle level side elbow strike
Chūdan yoko geri kekomi中段横蹴り蹴込みMiddle level side thrust kick
Chūdan yoko tettsui uchi中段横鉄槌打ちMiddle level side hammefist strike, as in Pinan Sandan (karate-dō)
Chūdan yoko uchi中段横打ちMiddle level side strike
Chūdan tsuki中段突きMiddle level punch
Chūgi忠義Loyalty
Chūgoshi中腰Half-rising posture on one knee
Chuiwaarschuwing (tijdens wedstrijd)
Chūjitsu忠実Loyalty, fidelity
Chūjō ryū中条流Koryū kenjutsu, founded by Chūjō Nagahide c. 1400
ChukitsuAtemi point in the fold of the elbow
Chūsei中世Period between late Heian and Momoyama
CHUSENde lijn die het lichaam vertikaal in 2-en deelt, van neus naar de navel
Chūshin中心Center; core; center of movement and balance
Chūshin dori no heihō中心取りの兵法Strategy of taking the center
Chūshingura忠臣蔵Fictionalized story of the 47 ronin
CHUSHINcentrum, kern of hart
Chūshin ryoku中心力To develop power by keeping one’s taesen (vertical center of gravity) upright.
Chūshinsen中心線The body centerline
Chusoku中足Ball of foot; sole of foot
ChutoKyūsho point between the eyes; also uto or miken
Chu-wakizashi中脇差Short sword between 17.7″ and 21.3″ long
Dabira段平Japanese broadsword; big, wide sword; also danbira
Dachi立ちStance (combination form); on its own, pronounced Tachi
DaiMajor, great, large
Daichi台地Plateau
Daichō大腸Colon
Daidankin大臀筋Gluteus maximus
Daidōji Yūzan (1639 – 1730)大道寺友山Samurai and military strategist, author of Budōshoshinshu
Daidō ryūKoryū kenjutsu, kyūba, sōjutsu and kajutsu, founded by Goto Tamauemon Tadayoshi (1644 – 1736)
Daigaku大学University
Daigakusei大学生University student; undergraduate
Daijōbu desu大丈夫です“Alright; I am alright,” “It’s alright”
Dai katana大刀Long sword; also daitō or taitō
Dai kinniku大筋肉Major muscles
Daikō代講Substitute or assistant teacher
Daikō乃公I (ego) (boastful first-person pronoun)
Dai kyō soku kei大強速軽“Big strong fast smooth”
Daikyū大弓Japanese longbow or war bow
Daimyō大名Feudal lord
Daimyō tobiguchi大名鳶口Lit “daimyō’s kite’s beak,” fire ax or fire hook adapted for use as a weapon by samurai and daimyō
Dai Nippon Butokukai大日本武徳会Imperial Japan Martial Association
Dai Nippon Butokukai Budō Senmon Gakkō大日本武徳会 武道専門学校Imperial Japan Martial Association Specialized Budō School, founded in 1895 by the Japanese government to preserve traditional Japanese martial ways. Its headquarters is the Butokuden.
Dai Nippon Iaidō Renmei大日本居合道連盟Imperial Japan Iaidō Federation
Dairi代理Proxy, representative, agent, substitute, alternate
Daisaku代作Something made by a pupil in the name of his master, with permission and guidance
Dai sempai代先輩Highest ranking student under the sensei
Dai sensei大先生Great teacher; jūdan
Daishō大小Two swords of the samurai, the katana and the wakizashi; literally, “big and small”
Daishō no heihō大小の兵法“Large and small” strategy; to use the correct response, neither overkill nor underestimation
Daitai大腿Thigh, also momo 腿
Daitō大刀Longsword, over 2 shaku. Also, katana tachi.
Daken打剣Throwing knife or star; also shuriken, anken, byō, fusatsuken, gekiken, onken, sanbukaken, shaken or tōken
Daken taijutsu打拳体術The art of striking with the body, atemi
Dakikubi抱き首Lit “embrace neck,” near-decapitating cut by the kaishakunin, the second to someone performing seppuku
Dame駄目Wrong, no good, impossible, must not do
Damatte keiko黙って稽古“Zen instructions for setting aside extraneous concerns and entering completely into practice”—or, “Shut up and train”
Damawashiifighting spirit
DanBlack belt grade
DanchuKyūsho point at top of sternum
Dan-i段位Japanese rank system of dan and kyū
Danpatsu shiki断髪式Ceremony of cutting off the topknot of a retiring sumōtori
Danryoku弾力Resilience, elasticity, flexibility
Dan shinsa段審査Black belt examination
Danyaku弾薬Ammunition
Daruma達磨Legendary Indian monk who brought Zen and the foundations of kung fu to Shaolin; also Bodhidharma or Tamo
Dattō出刀Remove sword from obi, cf. osame to
DeAdvanced or forward; advancing
Deai出合いEncounter; sensing an impending attack and launching a preemptive one; utilizing an opening created an intention to attack
Deai osae出会い押えSuppressive and smothering attack
Deai osae uke出会い押え受けStepping in pressing block
Deashi barai出足払Advanced foot sweep
De geiko出稽古Advanced training
Dehana waza出端技To strike as the beginning of an opponent’s movement; attack using initial move of opponent; also debana waza
DenTransmission (of knowledge), as in okuden
Denbu臀部Buttocks; haunches
DenkoKyūsho, between seventh and eighth ribs
Densho伝書Technique scroll; recorded teachings
DentoKyūsho, bregma of the skull
Dento伝統Tradition
Dentōteki伝統的Traditional; conventional
Deshi弟子Student, apprentice or disciple of a dō; a student of a school is a seito or gakusei
Deshite出し手“Presenting the fists”; punching
DoEarth, soil; Earth as one of the Five Elements is 地 chi or tsuchi
The way; road (also michi)
Movement, activity
Dōchū no sei動中の静Stillness in motion; calm in the midst (chu) of action, the ideal state for combat; also dō chū sei
Dōchū kōgaiSmall wooden stick up to 15 cm long containing a knife or spike
Dōchūzashi道中差Japanese short sword; “dōchū” literally means “while on the street” or “while on a journey,” so the dōchūzashi was as short sword inserted into the sash while travelling
Dōgi道着 or 道衣Uniform of the way
Dōgu道具The armor used in kendō also bōgu
Dōhai同輩Equal; peer; someone equal in rank; contemporary
Dohyō土俵Ring for a sumō match
Dō itashimashiteどういたしましてYou’re welcome
Dōjō道場Place of the way
Dōjō arashi道場嵐“Dōjō storming”: visiting dōjō to make challenges to fight; also dōjō yaburi
Dōjō cho道場長Director of a dōjō
Dōjō kun道場訓Rules of the dōjō
Dōjō yaburi道場破リStorming another dōjō; lit “dōjō busting”; also dōjō arashi
Dōka道歌Poetry of the way
Dōkan道環“The ring of the way”; repetition, constant practice
DokkoAtemi point in the hollow below the ears and behind the jaw; the mastoid process
DokosenKyūsho, side of neck; also shofu
Dokusan獨參Private meeting between a Zen master and disciple
Dokushuzelftraining; training door zelfstudie
Dō kyaku動脚Moving leg
Dōkyō道教Japanese Taoism, lit “teachings of the way”
DokyuJapanese repeating crossbow
DōmoどうもMany; much; informal phrase for “thank you”
Dōmo arigato gozaimashitaどうも有り難う ございましたPolite form of thanks, “Thank you very much”
Donto hō呑吐息Breathing technique
Dori取りGrapple; grab; grasp; pull
Doryoku努力Effort
Dōsa動作Exercise; exercise; movements
Dōshu道守Keeper of the way, also michi mori
Dōshu道主Leader or master of the way
Dōtoku道徳Morality
DōzoどうぞKindly; please; please go ahead
Draeger, Donn (1922 – 1982)American widely regarded as the foremost Western expert of Japanese fighting methods
Ebigeri海老蹴りBack kick with both hands on the floor or ground
Ebi jime蝦絞めShrimp choke; also tsukkomi jime
Edo江戸Ancient name for Tōkyō
Edo jidai江戸時代Edo period, the time of the Tokugawa shogunate, 1600-1867
Edo period江戸時代The time of the Tokugawa shogunate, 1600-1867
Eiki kujiki鋭気挫きTo break the opponent’s spirit
Eishin ryū英信流Battōjutsu ryū founded c 1590 by Hayashizaki Jinsuke Minamoto no Shigenobu (1546 – 1621); also Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryū
Ekika腋窩Armpit
EkudiOar or paddle, Kobudō weapon; also ueku, kai, kai bo, eku
Embu演武Martial arts demonstration; also enbu
Embujō演武場Place where martial arts demonstrations are held
Embusen演武線Line of kata
Empi or enpi猿臂Elbow, lit “monkey elbow”; note, outside of karate, 肘 hiji is the general term for elbow
Empi ate猿臂当てElbow strike
Empi mae ate猿臂前当てForward elbow strike
Empi mawashi ate猿臂回わし当てRoundhouse elbow strike
Empi shita ate猿臂下当てDownward elbow strike
Empi soto ate猿臂外当てSideways elbow strike; also soto empi ate
Empi uchi猿臂打ちElbow strike
Empi uke猿臂受Elbow block
Empi waza猿臂技Elbow technique
EnCircle
Enbu演武Martial arts demonstration; also embu
Enoji dachiえの字立Stance with back foot on the ball?
Enshin遠心Centrifugal
Enshin ryoku遠心力Centrifugal force generated by a technique
Enshū演習Drill or exercise
Ensō円相Painted ink circle of Zen; also ichi ensō
Ensho-senverlenging (van een wedstrijd)
En undō円運動Circular movement
Enzan no metsuke遠山の目付けLit “Looking at the far mountain”; looking at your opponent to take in everything
Etsunen geiko越年稽古Traditional training to celebrate the New Year
Forty-seven ronin四十七士National legend of Japan, also known as the Akō rōshi (Akō Wandering Samurai) 赤穂浪士 or the Genroku akō jiken (Genroku Akō Incident) 元禄赤穂事件. Fictionalized as Chūshingura.
Wind; also kaze
FudeCalligraphy brush; also hitsu
Fudō dachi不動立Immovable or rooted stance
Fudōken不動拳Clenched fist; immovable fist
Fudō Myō-ō不動明王 or 不動妙王Buddhist divinity of wisdom and fire; also Fudō
Fudō shisei不動姿勢Position with feet together
FujianChinese province where Karatedo has its roots, particulary in the area of the town Fuzhou
Fuju bunonvoldoende kracht
FukaiTo hold strongly
Fukkin腹筋Abdominal muscles
Fukkin undō腹筋運動Abdominal exercises
Fukko伏虎Kneeling
FukuAbdomen or belly; also hara
Fukubu腹部Abdomen
Fukuru shinai袋竹刀Training sword made of a split bamboo stick inside a leather or doeskin bag, lit “bag shinai”
Fuku shidoin副指導員Assistant instructor
Fukushiki kokyū腹式呼吸Abdominal breathing
Fukushinhulp scheidsrechter
FukutoAtemi point on the lower part of the leg
Fumi踏みStep
Fumiashi踏み足Step with change of feet
Fumi dashiAn action involving one foot sliding forward
Fumi kiri踏み切りCutting kick
Fumi komi踏み込みStamp on the floor at the moment of a strike.
Fumi komi age uke踏み込み肋受けRising block stepping in
Fumi komi shuto uke踏み込み手刀受けKnife hand block stepping in
Fumi komi geri踏み込み蹴りStamping kick
Fumi komu踏み込もTo invade or step inside the opponent’s space
Fumi konde踏み込んでWith a step forward
Fumi uchi踏み打ちTechniques executed while you step forward
Fumu踏むTo step or tread
Funakoshi, Gichin (1868-1957)船越 義珍Founder of Shōtōkan karate (grondlegger van het Shotokan Karate en eerste Karate leraar van Mas Oyama)
Funkotsu saishin粉骨砕身To put in all your energy
Funpon shugi粉本主義The principle that copying a model was the fundamental way to learn, especially in calligraphy or painting.
Funsen奮戦Battle bravely; hard fighting
FuriTo swing
FushiKnuckle or joint
Fuson不遜Disrespect, arrogance, insolence
Futa kokyu ippukuBreathe in and out twice, then breathe in once and start waza
Futari geiko二人稽古Two person drill
Futari wazatechnieken tegen 2 personen
Futomomo太腿Quadriceps, thigh; also momo, daitai
Futsu geikoForm of practice in which practitioners of all levels alternate repeating techniques shown by the sensei
FuzhouCapitol of the Chinese nprovince Fujian. The Town where both Higaonna Kanryo and Miyagi Chojun studied Chinese martial arts.
Gaijin外人Foreigner
Gai shaku taku外尺沢Back of the wrist
Gaiwan外腕Forearm; outer arm
Gakuga楽画Talents which can be taught or those produced by diligent training
Gaman我慢Patience, endurance, perseverance, tolerance, self-control, self-denial
Gambatte頑張って“Hold out”; “persevere”; “do your best”; “good luck”; also ganbatte
GanEye or eyeball
GanFace, look or countenance
GanchuAtemi point between the fifth and sixth rib
Ganka眼窩Eye socket
Gankaku dachiKraanvogel stand
Gankō眼孔Eye socket
Gankyū眼球Eyeball
Ganmen顔面Face
Ganmen geri顔面蹴りKick to the face
Ganmen shutō顔面小刀Face knife hand
Ganshiki眼識Insight, discernment, penetration
Gan soku tan riki眼足胆力Four key elements of kendō: sight, footwork, courage and power
Gasshuku合宿Training camp
Gasshō no kamae合掌の構えPrayer posture, with palms held together
Gasshō rei合掌礼Formal bow with hands held together
Gatame固めLocking or holding (combination form)
GawaSide (combination form)
Gedan下段Lower
Gedan awase teishō uke下段合せ底掌受Lower combined palm heel block
Gedan barai下段払いLower sweep; lower block
Gedan choku tsuki下段直突きLower straight punch; straight punch to the groin
Gedan haiwan uke下段背腕受Lower back arm block
Gedan jūji uke下段十字受Lower cross block
Gedan kake uke下段掛受けDownward hooking block
Gedan kekomi下段蹴込みThrust kick to groin
Gedan kote uke下段小手受Lower forearm block
Gedan ni oshidasu下段に押出すDownward thrust
Gedan no kamae下段之構Low posture
Gedan oshidashi下段押し出しLower level thrust
Gedan shutō osae下段手刀腕受けLower level knife hand press
Gedan tsuki下段突きLower level punch, especially to the groin
Geidō芸道 or 藝道The way of art
Geiko hajimebegin van de training / les
Geijutsu芸術Art
Geijutsuka芸術家Artist
GekiBeat, attack, conquer; fire, shoot, charge, rush
Gekiken kōgyō撃剣興行Public demonstrations of martial arts
Gekisai撃砕Kata series
GekonAtemi point just below the lower lip
Gendai budō現代武道Modern martial way
Genki desu ka元気ですか“How are you?”
Genkotsu拳骨Fist
GenkotsuAttacking vital points
Genri原理Principle, theory or fundamental truth
GenshiTo be in tune with the attack, so that the next move can be predicted
Geri蹴りKick, when used in combination with others, e.g. maegeri 前蹴
Geri wazatraptechniek
GiTechnique, skill, craft
GiRight conduct or righteousness
Gimu義務Duty; responsibility
Gin geritrap met wreef van de voet naar het kruis
Giri義理Duty or obligation
GoFive
GoThe condition of being behind the opponent with respect to time and space
Godai五大Lit ‘big five”; Indian five elements: earth, water, fire, wind and void
Go dō shin五道心Five ways of the spirit
Gogyō setsu五行说Theory of the five elements; also Gogyō
Gohon kumite五本組手Five step sparring
Gokaku geiko互角稽古Practice between people of equal skill
Gōki剛気Fortitude, bravery, stoutheartedness
GokokuResuscitation point between the thumb and index finger
Gomen nasai御免なさい“Pardon me” or “Excuse me”
Go no sentactiek waarbij je eerst de tegenstander laat aanvallen en waarna je direct een tegenaanval maakt
Gorei号令Command; count for repeated techniques
Goshaku bō五尺棒Five-foot bō
Gōshi郷士Farmer warriors; warriors who held and worked the land
Goshin護身Self defense
Goshin jutsu護身術Art of self defense
GuTool
Guai shokoAtemi point on the back of the fist
GyakuReverse; opposite
Gyaku age uke逆肋受けReverse rising block (rising block executed with arm opposite to forward leg)
Gyaku ashi逆足Reverse foot
Gyaku hanmi逆半身Reverse half-facing position
Gyaku jūjijime逆十字締めReverse cross choke
Gyaku mawashi geri逆回し蹴りReverse roundhouse kick
Gyaku nekoashi dachi逆猫足立Reverse cat stance (rear heel is up and front heel in down)
Gyaku te逆手Underhand, backhand or reverse grip; unexpected twist
Gyaku te dori逆手取りReverse hand grab
Gyaku tsuki逆突きReverse punch
Gyōji行司Sumō referee
Habiki刃引Bated sword; metal-bladed sword, sharp or bated
HachiEight; eight is a special number in Japanese martial arts, with connotations of infinity
Hachiji dachi八字立Stance with feet set like the kanji for eight, 八; also shizentai, “natural stance”
Hachimaki鉢巻Japanese head wrap or head scarf worn as a symbol of perseverance or effort
HachimanJapanse oorlogsgod, deze afbeelding staat in de vlag van Okinawa
Hacho破調?Asymmetrical balance; intentional unevenness; broken rhythm
HadaSkin
Hadashi肌足Barefoot
Hade羽手Attacking vital points unarmed, another name for jūjutsu
HaiはいYes
Haibu背部Back, back area, back rib area (a primary target in sport karate)
Haibu yori背部よりFrom behind
Haishu背手Back hand
Haishu awase uke背手合せ受Backhand combined block
Haishu jūji uke背手十字受Backhand cross block; also jūji uke
Haishu uchi背手打ちStrike with back of hand
Haishu uke背手受けBlock with back of hand
Haisoku背足Instep, literally, “reverse foot”
Haitō背刀“Back sword”; ridge hand or inner knife hand
Haitōrei廃刀令Meiji government edict banning the wearing of swords in public
Haitō uchi背刀打ちRidge hand strike
Haitō uke背刀受けRidge hand block
Haiwan背腕Back arm
Haiwan uke背腕受けBack arm block
Hajime始めBegin
Hajime kara初めからFrom the beginning
HakamaDivided skirt
Hakkaku bō八角棒Octagonal bō
Hakkeyoiはっけよい“Keep at it”; “Get moving!”, called out by the gyōji (referee) to commence a sumō match
Hakude白手Another name for jūjutsu
Hamniafgewende houding
Hamni dachigevechtsstand met afgewende houding
Hamon破門Formal expulsion from a ryū
HanHalf
HanaFlower; also ka
HanaNose; also bi
Hana ji tome鼻血止Nosebleed stop; method of kappō
Hanare離れThe release of an arrow in kyūdō; the metaphor of release in its own or proper time
Hanbō三棒Short staff, usually about three shaku
Hangeki反撃Counterattack
Hanka fuza半跏趺坐Half-lotus sitting position; also hanka 半跏, hankaza 半跏坐, hanfuza 半趺坐, daibosatsuza 大菩薩坐, and bosatsuza 菩薩坐
Han kōkutsu dachi半後屈立“Half back stance,” shortened and raised kōkutsu dachi
Hanmi半身Half-facing: hips and head facing to the front, but the torso slightly rotated
Hanmi no nekoashi dachi半身の猫足立Half-facing cat stance
Hansei反省Self-reflection
Hansha undō or Hansha sayō反射運動 or 反射作用Reflex action
Hanshaku bō半尺棒Six-inch stick; also te no uchi, yawara, shoshinbō and kobuton
Hanshi範士Teaching distinction above both renshi and kyōshi; also, shihan 師範
Hansokustraf voor gemene/oneerlijke overtreding
Hansoku chuiofficiïele waarschuwing, Ippon (vol punt) tegen
Hansoku kachiwinst /overwinning door diskwalificatie van de tegenstander
Hantai反対Opposed
Hanten半転Half turn
Hantei / Hantei torimasuvraag door scheidsrechter om het oordeel van de hoekscheidsrechters
Hantei kachiwinnaar door de beslissing van de scheidsrechters
Hantei onegaishimasuvraag om beslissing (vraag om rode of witte vlag omhoog te steken)
Han zenkutsudachi半前屈立Short front stance; also sho zenkutsu dachi, sometimes moto dachi
HaraStomach
Hara ga suwaru腹が据わる“To have guts”; lit “the stomach sits”
Haragei腹芸Stomach arts developing ki
Harai払いSweep; also barai e.g. gedan barai
Harai no gi祓の儀Opening purification ceremony; also ō harai no gi 大祓の儀
Harai te払い手Sweeping hand
Harai waza払い技Sweeping techniques
Hara kiri腹切りHonorable death of suicide; also, more formally, seppuku 切腹
HarawataIntestines
Hashaku bō八尺棒Eight-foot bō
Hassoaanval
Hatsu geiko初稽古First training of the year; also keiko hajime 稽古始め
Hattori Hanzō (1541 – 1596)服部半蔵Ninja and head of clan from Iga
Hayai速いFast or swift
Hayaku速くQuickly or rapidly
Hazumi弾みMomentum, spur of the moment
HeiPeaceful, calm, steady; level, even
Heifuku kumiuchi平服組打Fighting in everyday clothing
Heihō兵法Methods of strategy; also hyōhō
Heijōshin平常心Lit “constant stable spirit”; peace of mind
Heikōshite並行してParallel
Heikō dachi並行立ちParallel stance
Heiko tsukiparallel stoot, dubbele stoot met 2 vuisten gelijktijdig
Heisei平成Current era name in Japan (1989 – )
Heisoku dachi閉足立Feet together stance
Henka waza変化技Technique variations
Henteopvolgtechniek met dezelfde hand
Hibarazijkant van het lichaam
Hichōjutsu飛鳥術Practice of leaping and jumping
HidariLeft; also sa
Hidari dolinkerkant van het lichaam
Hidari mawari右回りCounterclockwise
Hidari shizentai左自然体Left natural stance. Left foot forward, body facing 45 degrees.
Hidari waki左脇Left side posture
Hifu皮膚Skin
HigashiEast
Higi秘技Secret technique, ritual or ceremony
HijiElbow
Hiji age ate肘揚当てRising elbow strike; strike to both elbows of an attacker attempting a two-handed choke
Hiji ate肘当てElbow strike
Hiji oroshi uchi肘下ろし打Swinging elbow strike
Hiji uke肘受Elbow block (also empi uke)
Hiji waza肘技Elbow techniques
Hiki-Ashi引き足Retracting leg, pulling your front leg back so that it is level with what was the rear leg (i.e. to avoid a sweep).
Hikitate geiko引立-稽古Practice in which a senior guides a junior through practice
Hikite引き手Pulling hand, the hand that returns to the waist when striking or blocking with the other
Hikiwakegelijktijdige score tijdens wedstrijd
Hini品位Grace, dignity, nobility, quality
Hinkaku品格Dignity, good manners and strength of character
Hinomaru日の丸Disc of the sun; symbol of Japan; also the rising sun flag of Japan
Hinshitsu品質Quality
Hiragana平仮名One system of kana, Japanese syllabary
Hiraken平拳Flat fist made with the second knuckles of all four fingers, similar to the leopard punch of kung fu
Hiraken tsuki平拳突きFlat fist punch
Hiraki開きOpening, gap
Hiroi hachiji dachi広い八字立Wide hachiji dachi
HitaiForehead; also gaku
Hitomens (uitgesproken als sst-ooh)
Hito iki一息Single breath. The interval between two breaths is a vulnerable moment, and it gives the opponent an opportunity to attack. Therefore, it is important to perform waza in a single breath.
Hito kokyu ippukuBreathe in and out once, then breathe in once, then start waza
Hitori geiko独り稽古Practice alone
Hitori ryōhō独り療法Self-healing arts or massage
Hitosashiyubi ipponken人差し指一本拳Forefinger fist; also ippon ken
HitsuBrush, handwriting
Hitsuzendō筆禅道“Way of the brush”; school of Japanese Zen calligraphy
HizaKnee
Hiza ate膝当Knee strike
HIZA GAMAEpositie, geknield op 1 knie
Hiza gashira or Hiza no sara膝頭 or 膝の皿Patella
Hiza gashira ate膝頭当Knee strikes
Hiza geri膝蹴りKnee kick, knee strike
Hiza kansetsu膝関節Knee joint
Hiza mawashigeri膝回し蹴りRoundhouse knee strike
Hiza o mawasu undō膝を回す運動Knee circle, a junbi undō ( warm-up exercise)
Hizō脾臓Spleen
Hizō uchi脾臓打Spleen strike
Method
Direction; side
Hodokosu施すPerform; giving of ourselves
Hōgen方言General Japanese term for “dialect,” but also the term Okinawans use for their native language.
Hojo undō補助運動Supplementary exercises. Traditionally Japanese includes chi shi (weighted levers; concrete weights attached to wooden poles); ishi sashi (stone hand-held weights in the shape of padlocks), makiage kigu (wrist roller; weight, rope, wooden handle); makiwara; nigiri game (gripping jars; ceramic jars filled with sand); tetsu geta (iron geta); yari bako (bowl of sand struck with fingers).
Honbu/hombu本部Headquarters; headquarters dōjō
HoneBone
Hon gamaebasisstand
Honshin本心True feelings
Hontaigeeft uitdrukking aan meesterschap; volledige- of ware beheersing lichaam en geest
Honteiwaarachtige- of basishand. Vastpakken of vasthouden middels een natuurlijke grip
HotokeBuddha
Hotoke gamaehandpositie van de Buddha
HyakuOne hundred
Hyaku ninhonderd man; honderd mensen; honderd personen
Hyaku nin kumitevechten tegen honderd personen; de ultieme Kyokushin test
Hyogen表現Expression
Hyōhō兵法Methods of strategy; also heihō
Hyōshi拍子Timing, rhythm
IStomach
IMind, intention, will, meaning
IDignity; authority
Iai居合Drawing of one’s weapon from its place of rest or bringing it to bear; also nukitsuke; lit “a place where you are”; sitting down
Iaidō居合道“The way of mental presence and immediate reaction”; the way of drawing and cutting with the sword.
Iai goshi居合腰“Relationship hip,” posture with one knee on the ground and the other foot flat
Iai goshi dachi居合腰立“Relationship hip stance,” with one knee on the ground and the other foot flat
Iai hiza居膝Sitting posture, kneeling on one calf, allowing quick draw of sword while sitting
Iaijutsu居合術The art of drawing and cutting with the sword
Iainuki居合い抜きWhile on one knee, drawing a sword and cutting one’s opponent
IbucheOkinawan term for ibuki
Ibuki息吹A breathing method featuring a long exhalation, followed by a short cough to clear lungs; in Okinawan, ibuche; see a-un no kokyū
Ibuki no gareonhoorbare ademhalingsoefening
Ibuki sankaiduidelijk hoorbare ademhalingsoefening; san kai betekent 3x
IchiOne
Ichiban一番First; best
Ichichi五 or 伍Okinawan for “five”
Ichidai一代A generation; lifetime; age
Ichido一度Once
Ichi-go ichi-e一期一会One encounter, one opportunity
Ichi hyōshi一拍子In an instant; in one breath; in one moment; without hesitation
Ichikyo一教First teaching; also ikkyo
Ichimai一枚Lit “one sheet of paper”; space between one’s controlled technique and one’s opponent.
Ichimonji一文字In the shape of the character for “one,” in a straight line
Ichimonji suburi一文字素振りThe practice of cutting (generally in air); to make one precise and all-ending cut.
Ichi no hyōshi no heihō一拍子兵法Lit “the combative strategy of the rhythm of one”: completing a movement and technique in one exhalation; to condition the mind and body to seize an opportunity and act without conscious thought
Ichi rei no kamae一礼の構えFormal kobujutsu bowing posture
Ichitaita一対多Lit “one against many”; multiple attackers against one defender
Idō移動Movement
Idō geiko移動稽古Moving practice or moving basics (Kyokushinkai)
Idō kihonbasistechnieken (vanuit stand)
Idoritechnieken die vanuit zitpositie (Seiza) worden uitgevoerd
Iegara家柄Family background, family standing, filial lineage
Iemoto家元Lit “family foundation,” head of a school
IjikiOkinawan word for being full of strength (ki)
Ijime苛めBullying
Ijimekko苛めっ娘Bully
Ikebana生け花Japanese flower arrangement; also kadō 華道
Ikedori生け捕りLit “to view alive” or “to capture alive”; ikedori is much older than its modern equivalent, shakkei; a facet of Japanese architecture often present in dōjō
IkiAesthetic ideal, lit “spirit” or “life”
IkiBreath in physical aspects, cf more esoteric kokyū
Ikinari行き成りSuddenly, without warning, without telegraphing
IkiteLit “living hand”; a relaxed hand, open or with no tension, but ready
Ikiuchi息打ちLit “striking in a single breath”; striking in the time it takes to inhale or exhale
Ikken kissatsu一拳必殺 or 一拳乞察?One punch death blow, to kill with one attack; to kill one’s ego; also ikken hissatsu
Ikkini一気にIn one breath; instantly
Ikki tōsen一騎当千“One man who is worth a thousand”
Ikkōgeki shimasu ni ikkazoe一攻撃Lit, “One count, one movement”; counting out movements of a kata
Ikko hanko一箇半箇Lit, “One man or half a man”; Zen term for a true successor
IkkyoHet voor het eerst aanleren van de basisprincipes
Ikkyo undoEerst aangeleerde techniek tijdens de eerste les
ImaNu
InYin
InThroat
Inibuki息吹Internal, quiet, soft breathing, as opposed to yo ibuki
International Martial Arts Federataion国際武道院In Japanese, Kokusai Budōin
Inyo陰陽Yin and yang
Ippan geiko一般稽古Regular practice in the dōjō; repeating what the sensei models
Ippon一本One full point in karate competition
Ippon ken一本拳One knuckle fist
Ippon kumite一本组手One step prearranged sparring in karate
Ippon nukite一本貫手One finger spear hand
Ippon shōbu一本勝負Sport kumite in which one full point wins the match
Ire tsuki ni nayasuStep back and absorb thrust or punch
Iri入りEnter
Iri kumi入組 or 入组Entering attack or inside fighting; to enter to attack vital points
Irimi入り身Entering straight into a technique; into the body; inwards
IRIMI ISSOKUToegang verkrijgen / verdediging doorbreken / naderen door middel van 1 stap
Iro obi色帯Colored belt
Isagiyoi潔いWith grace, having integrity—doing something with your whole heart, regardless of its reception; clean, clear, pure, sportsmanlike, manly;
Isagiyoku make wo mitomeru潔く負けを認めるAdmit defeat agreeably, be a good loser
Isamashii勇ましCourageous
IsamiHeldhaftig
Isamihada勇み肌Gallantry
Ishi意思Intention, purpose
IshiStone; also seki
Isshakku bō一尺棒One-foot stick
Isshi kenExtended index finger
Isshin ichinyo一心一如One heart/mind, one likeness; as one mind
Isshin ittō一心一刀Lit “One mind, one sword”; one mind, one strike
Itai痛いPain, ache, sting, grief, hurt, “It hurts”
Itami痛みPain
Itami wakeWinst door (niet moedwillige) verwonding van tegenstander
IttoZwaard
IwaSteen
Iwao no mi巌の身Body of a rock
JakuStill, silent, quiet, desolate
Jakuten弱点Weak point, weakness
Jeet Kune Do截拳道良“The way of the intercepting fist,” style founded by Bruce Lee
JiEarth
JiCharacter, letter, writing, script or shape
JiLearning of technique, as contrasted to ri,
Jibun自分Oneself, myself
Ji geiko地稽古The general method of doing keiko in which the trainee polishes his/her techniques, disciplines his/her mind, and makes an effort to overcome his/her weak points.
Jigo hontai自護本体Basic defensive posture; crouching defensive posture
Jigoku地獄Hell (Buddhist)
JikanTijd / sein dat officiïele wedstrijdtijd voorbij is
Jiki deshiDirecte student. Iemand die leerling (is geweest) onder de stijloprichter
Jikkō実行Self-light; self-realization
Jiku ashi軸足Pivot leg
Jiku ashi geriTrap naar tegenstander’s been dat op de grond staat terwijl deze een trap uitvoert
Jime絞めChoke or strangle (combination form)
Jimi地味Having a naturalistic, subdued and subtle character; plan, simple, sober
JinPerson
JinKidney
JinBenevolence
Jinan次男Second son
JingEssence or kidney essence (Chinese), one of the Three Treasures
Jinkai kyushoVitale lichaamsdelen
Jinkan時間Time
Jin no kokyuIemands ademhaling
JintaiLichaam / het lichaam
Jinzō腎臓Kidney
JishaIemand die lesgevende assisteert (geen officieel assistant)
Jishin自信Self-confidence
Jissen実戦Real combat; realistic fighting
Jissen kumite実戦组手Full-contact fighting
Jita kyōei自他共栄Mutual benefit
JitsuTruth; reality; sincerity, honesty, fidelity; substance; good result
Jiyū自由Free; freedom
Jiyū dachi自由立Free fighting stance
Jiyū geiko自由稽古Free practice; freely choosing what one studies and trains
Jiyū ippon kumite自由一本組手Semi-free one attack sparring
Jiyū kumite自由組手Free sparring
Jiyū ukeGekruiste afweer, kruislings blok met twee handen
Jiyū wazaVrije stijl technieken / vrij te gebruiken technieken (in sparring gebruikte technieken)
Short stick
Upper or high
Always, constant, continually
Place, space, room
Jō awase杖合わせJō exercises
Jōdan上段Upper level
Jōdan age uke上段肋受けUpper level rising block
Jōdan age tsuki上段肋突きUpper level rising punch
Jōdan haishu jūji uke上段背手十字受けUpper level back of hand cross block
Jōdan haitō uchi上段背刀打ちUpper level ridge hand strike
Jōdan kakutō uke上段鶴頭受けUpper level crane head wrist block
Jōdan mae empi上段前猿臂Upper level front elbow (strike)
Jōdan mawashi geri上段回し蹴りUpper level roundhouse kick
Jōdan mawashi tsuki上段回し突きUpper level roundhouse punch
Jōdan shutō jūji uke上段手刀十字受けUpper level sword hand cross block, as in Heian Godan
Jōdan uke上段受けUpper level block
Jōdan ushiro mawashi geri上段後ろ回し蹴りUpper level back roundhouse kick
Jōdan ushiro tsuki上段後ろ突きUpper level rear punch over opposite shoulder
Jōdan waza上段技Upper level technique
Jōdan yoko geri keage上段横蹴り蹴上げUpper level side snap kick
Jōdan tsuki上段突きUpper level punch or thrust
Jōdō杖道The way of the short stick
Jōdori杖取りDefense against jō
JogaiHet gebied buiten de wedstrijdmat
JogaiAanduiding tijdens wedstrijd voor verlaten wedstrijdvloer
JogeOmhoog en omlaag
Jōhanshin上半身Upper body
Jōjutsu杖術Art of the short stick
Jōō Takeno (1502 – 1555)武野 紹鴎Master of sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony
JoreiDojo regels
Jōseki上関“Upper seat” in a dōjō
Jōseki ni rei上関に礼Command to bow to the jōseki
Joshi goshinjutsu女子護身術Women’s self-defense
Jōsokutei上足底Ball of foot, lit. “raised sole of foot”; also koshi
Jōtai上腿Thigh; also daitai, momo, futomomo
Jō tai jō杖対杖Jō versus jō
Jō tai ken杖対剣Jō versus sword
JowanDe bovenarm
JozuGetalenteerd; iemand met uitmuntende technieken
Ten
Soft, pliable, flexible, gentle
Obey, submit, yield, conform, follow)
JubanEen ‘onder Kimono’; gedragen onder Kimono bij koude weersomstandigheden
Jūdan十段Tenth degree black belt
Jūdō柔道“The gentle way”; method of throwing and grappling with a strong sport aspect, a gendai budō
JugyoInstructieve training of les
Jūji十字Cross
Jūji ashi十足Stepping left or right across the other leg
Jūji uke十字受けCross block
Jūjun従順Obedient
Jūjutsu柔術“The flexible art”; method of fighting that includes grappling
Jūjutsugi柔術着 or 柔術衣Jūjutsu uniform
Juko Murata (1422 – 1502)村田珠光Master of sadō, the Japanese tea ceremony
JukuPrivate school
Jukuren熟練Skill, practiced skill, mastery
JunDichtbij / vlakbij / korte (of geringe) afstand
Junan taisō柔軟 体操Flexibility exercises; body conditioning
Junbi準備Prepare, get ready
Junbi taisō準備体操Preparatory exercises
Junbi taisō o hajimemasuCommando om met de warming-up te starten
Junbi taisō o owarimasuCommando om met de warming-up te stoppen
Junbi undō準備運動Preparatory exercises
Jun kessho-senSemi finale
Junshin純真Pure heart
Jun tsuki順突Lunge punch; lunge thrust
Jun tszuki tsukkomi順突突込Leaning lunge punch
Jun tsuki tsukkomi dachi順突突込立Leaning lunge punch stance
Jushin重心Centre of gravity; stability
JutsuTechnique; art
-kaSuffix meaning “practitioner,”as in karateka
KaFire; one of the Godai, the Five Elements
KaburaArrowhead
Kaburaya蕪矢Turnip-head arrow that makes a distinctive sound in flight
Kabuto兜 or 冑Helmet of samurai armour
KachiWinst / gewonnen
Kachu menSamurai face guard or mask, usually worn with a kabuto; also mempō, menpō, menbō, men yoroi or katchu men
Kadō華道The way of the flower; Japanese flower arranging; also ikebana
Kadomatsu門松Traditional Japanese New Year’s decorations, often displayed in dōjō
Kae ashiverplaatsing door het maken van een gehele stap
Kaeshi返しTwist, turn, come back, return
Kaeshi ippon kumite返し一本組手Two step one attack sparring
Kaeshi waza返し技Counter techniques, escape techniques
Kaeshi tsuki返し突きCounterpunch or counter thrust
Kaesu返すGive back
Kaete返てReturning back
Kafuza跏跌坐Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, zenkaza, kaza
Kagami屈みTo crouch or duck (type of tai sabaki)
KagamiExample, model, paragon
KagamiMirror; also kyō
Kagami biraki鏡開き“Opening the mirror”; ritual first workout of the new year
Kagami geiko鏡稽古“Mirror training”: training in which partners mirror each other’s actions
KageShadow
Kagi tsuki鉤突きHook punch
Kahanshin下半身Lower body, lit “down half body”
Kahō下方Lower direction
KaiAssociation
Kai ashiStep forward
Kaibashira貝柱Adductor muscle
Kaicho会長Owner of a school or organization
Kaiden皆伝Full knowledge, knowledge of all secrets; high level of menkyo rank system
Kaisai no genriDeciphering bunkai from kata
Kaisho開手Open hand
Kaisho kōsa uke開手交差受けOpen hand cross block
Kaishu ippon kumiteSparring exercise
Kaiten回転Rotation; turning (type of tai sabaki)
Kaiten ashiVoorwaartse stap gevolgd door een draai op de bal van de voet
Kaiten geri or Do kaiten geriTraptechniek door voorwaartse rol / salto
KakatoHeel
Kakato geri踵蹴りHeel kick; also axe kick; in Korean, chikyo chagi or naeryo chagi
Kakato o ageru undō踵を上げる運動Heel lift, junbi undō ( warm-up exercise)
Kake掛けTo hang, suspend
Kake ashi dachi掛足立Hooked stance, a form of kosa dachi
Kake dachi掛立Hook stance; also kosa dachi
Kake geri掛蹴りHook kick
Kake shuto uke掛手刀受けHooking knife hand block
Kake te掛手Hook punch; hook block
Kake uke掛受けHooking block
Kakiwaki uke掻き分け受けReverse wedge block
KakuCorner or angle
KakuCrane
Kaku obi角帯Wide belt to support carried weapons
Kakushi隠しHidden
Kakuto格闘Hand to hand combat
Kakutō鶴頭“Crane head”; bent wrist formation
Kakutō uchi鶴頭打ちWrist joint strike; also, ko uchi
Kakutō uke鶴頭受けWrist joint block; also, ko uke
Kaku tsuki角突きSquare thrust
Kamae構えPosture of whole body and mind; cf dachi, which refers only to lower body
Kamae te構えてCommand to get into position
Kamakiri螳螂Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also tōrō or ōkamakiri mushi
KamiPaper
KamiHair
KamiDivinity; the gods
Kami no kamae上の构えUpper body posture
Kaminoke髪の毛Hair
Kamiza上座“High seat”; the upper side of the dōjō floor
Kamiza神座Small, shelf-top shrine in a dōjō
Kamoku科目Special class taught by a guest instructor
Kamon家紋Family or heraldic symbols; also mon, monsho or mondokoro
KanHall or building
KanLiver, spirit
Kandai寛大Generosity, tolerance, leniency
Kan geiko寒稽古Winter training
Kanji漢字Chinese characters used in Japanese, as contrasted with its syllabries (kana)
Kankū Dai観空大Karate kata, “To look at the sky, major”
Kankū Sho観空小Karate kata, “To look at the sky, minor”
Kanō Jigorō (1860-1938)嘉納 治五郎Founder of jūdō
KansaScheidsrechter
Kansetsu関節Joint
Kansetsu geriZijwaartse stamptrap naar het kniegewricht
Kansetsu waza関節技Joint locking techniques
Kansha感謝Thanks, gratitude, appreciation
KanzashiLong needle-like hairpin that could be used like a dagger
Kanzō肝臓Liver
KaoFace
Kao ate顔当Face strike
KaraEmpty or void; also pronounced ku
KaradaBody; also tai or tei
Karada de oboeru体 で 覚えるLearning with the body; remembering with the body
Karate空手“Empty hand”
Karate-dō空手道The way of the empty hand
Karate-dō Special CommitteeAn Okinawan committee convened in 1940 by Gen Hayakawa, the Governor of Okinawa, to address the perceived need for karate training kata for children.
Karategi空手着 or 空手衣Karate uniform
Karate jutsu空手術The art of karate
Karateka空手家Exponent of karate
Karate ni sente nashi空手に 先手 無し“There is no first attack in karate,” second of Funakoshi Gichin’s 20 precepts
Kara tsukiStraight punch, also choku tsuki
Karō家老Clan elders; retainers whose service was long and loyal
Kasumi霞みDim, blurry, hazy, mist; crossing of arms to hide setup of technique; feint
Kata型 or 形Form
KataSide, way, direction; single, one of a pair
KatachiForm, shape; correct form
Katai下腿Lower leg, lower part of the body, lower limbs
Katai geiko難い稽古Hard daily training
Katameru固めるImmobilize
KatanaLong sword; also tō
Katana bukuro刀袋Sword bag
Katana kaji刀锻冶Swordsmith
Katana kake刀懸けSword rack
Katana togi刀砥ざSword sharpener
Katana wa bushi no tamashi desu刀は武士の魂です“The sword is the soul of a samurai”
KatsuResuscitation methods
KatsuShout in Zen to express enlightenment; also “browbeat”
KawaSide; also soku
Kaza跏坐Full lotus seated position, also also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, zenkaza, kafuza
KazeWind
Keage蹴上げSnapping
KebanashiSnap kick
Keiko鶏口Chicken beak
Keikoken鶏口拳Chicken beak fist
Keiko稽古Practice
Keikogi稽古着 or 稽古衣Practice uniform
Keiko hajime稽古始めFirst practice of the year
Keiko shōkon稽古照今Reflect on the old to understand the new
Keiko soremade稽古それ迄Lit “training that is all”; “Finish”
KeikokuStraf, lichte overtreding die bestraft wordt met wazari (half punt) tegen
Keitō鶏頭.Chicken head wrist
Keitō uke鶏頭受けChicken head wrist block
Kekka fuza結跏趺坐Full lotus sitting position; also zenka fuza, zenkaza, kafuza, kaza
Kekomi蹴込みThrust kick
Kempō拳法Boxing; “fist law; Japanese translation of Chinese ch’uan fa or quanfa; also kenpo
KenFist
Kendō剣道The way of the sword
Kendōgi剣道着 or 剣道衣Kendō uniform
Kenichi, Sawai (1903-1988)健一澤井A Japanese martial artist and a colonel in the Japanese army, was an associate of Mas Oyama. Founder of Taiki-ken, a Japanese version of yiquan kung fu
Kenjutsu剣術The Japanese art of the sword
Kenkō健康Health
Kenkōdō健康道Way of health
Kenkōtaisō健康体操Health exercises
Kenkyo謙虚Humility, modesty
Kenpō剣法Old name for kendō or kenjutsu
Kenpō拳法Boxing; “fist law”; Japanese translation of Chinese ch’uan fa or quanfa; also kempo
KenseiTechnique with silent kiai
Kensen剣先Tip of the sword
Kenshi剣士Swordsman
Kentsui拳槌Hammer fist; also tettsui or shutsui
Kentsui tate mawashi uchi拳槌縦回し打ちVertical roundhouse hammerfist strike, as in Heian Shodan
Kentsui uchi拳槌打ちHammer fist strike; also tettsui uchi or shutsui uchi
Kentsui uke拳槌受けHammer fist block
Keppan血判Blood oath
Keri蹴りKick
Keri waza蹴り技Kicking techniques
Kessho-senFinale
Ketsuryoku血緑Effort
Kette蹴ってTo kick
Kettō血統Blood; bloodline
KiSpirit; energy; internal energy or force;
Kiai気合Spirit unification; the union of breath and energry in a cry
Kiai ireteCommando voor het geven van kiai / hierna iedere techniek met kiai
Kiai jutsu気合術The art of kiai; art of the spirit
Kiatsu気圧Pressure with ki; air pressure
Kiba dachi騎馬立Horse stance
Ki ga nukeru気が抜けるThe withdrawal of ki
Kihaku気迫Mental strength to face hardship; intensity
Kihon基本Basics
Kihon dozaBasis oefeningen
Kihon furi uchi waza基本振り打ち技Basic swinging strike techniques
Kihon kata基本形Basic kata
Kihon kumite基本組みBasic sparring; prearranged exchange of techniques
Kihon ippon kumite基本一本組手Basic/one step sparring
Kihon uchi waza基本打ち技Basic strike techniques
Kihon waza基本技Basic techniques
Ki inSpiritual rhythm or rhythm of ki
Kikai機会“Ocean of energy” of tanden; also kikaitanden
KikenOpgave tijdens wedstrijd
Kiken jutsu危険術Lit “dangerous arts”; mostly empty hand close-quarter arts
Ki ken tai ichi気剣体ーUnity of spirit, sword and body
Ki ken tai no ichi気剣体のー致Spirit (ki), technique (ken) and body (tai) as one
Kikō氣功Japanese transliteration of chi kung (qigong); practice of development of ki
Kime極めFocus
KimoLiver; also kan
Kimono着物Traditional Japanese clothing; lit “thing to wear”
KinMetal
KinMuscle
Kinmotsu禁物A taboo, a prohibited thing
Kingeri金蹴Groin kick
Kinniku筋肉Muscle
Ki no nagare気の流れFlow of energy
Ki no dashikataThe projection of ki
Kintama金玉Testicles, groin
Kinteki金的Bull’s eye; object of desire
Kioihada競い肌Manliness, gallantry
Kiotsuke往症つけAttention!
Ki o tsukete気を付けてTraditional swordsman’s call to awareness, “Be careful”
Kirikae no kizami maegeriSwitchover front leg front kick
Kiritsu起立Command to stand up
Kiritsu規律Discipline
Kisei気勢Fervor, vigor, ardor, spirit
Kishōmon起請文Vow taken on entering a classical tradition
Kisoku気息Abdominal breathing
Kissaki切っ先 or 切尖Point of sword
KitaNorth; also hoku
Kiza跪坐Half-sitting on heels
Kizami maegeri刻み前蹴りFront leg front kick
Kizami yokogeri kekomi刻み横蹴り蹴込みFront leg side thrust kick
Kizami tsuki刻み突きJab
Kizeme気攻めAdvanced form of seme (psychological pressure) that causes a shift in the mind of the opponent
KizuWound; injury; scratch; cut; bruise;
KoOld
KoSmall, minor
KoTiger; also tora
KoBehind
Mouth
Filial piety
Japanese high quality incense
Throat; also nodo
Back of fist or hand
Kōan公案Zen teaching riddle
Ko ashi小足Little step
Kōbō ichi攻防一致Attack and defense as one
Kobuki小武器Minor weapon, one other than the katana, yari or naginata
KobushiFist; also ken
Kobudō古武道“Old martial way”; use of traditional Okinawan weapons.
KobujutsuArt of weapons
Kōdō香道Way of incense
Kōdōgu香道具The tools of kōdō
Kodōgu小道具Japanese sword fittings
Kōdōkan講道館Orthodox jūdō style or its hombu
Kodoku孤独Solitude
Kofū古風Old style, old customs
Kogan uke no kamae睾丸受の構えCeremonial posture in musubi dachi and hands flat and crossed at groin
Kōgeki攻撃Attack, strike, offense; sometimes contrasted to bōgyo, defense
Kōhai後輩Junior; complement of sempai or senpai
Kōhei公平Fairness, impartiality, justice
Koiguchi鯉口Mouth of a sword scabbard
Kojin個人Individual
Kojin-shugiIndividuele deelname
Koken弧拳Wrist; in karate, back of wrist, also tekubi
Koken ukeAfweer met het handgewricht
Kokō虎口Tiger mouth: the fleshy arc between thumb and index finger
KokoroHeart, character, attitude (click to listen); also shin
Kokoro gamae心構えMental attitude
Kokoro no maai心の間合いLit “mental interval” or “interval of the spirit”; maai understood with respect to the mind, heart and/or spirit
Kokoro no me心の目“Eyes of the heart,” intuition, sensitivity, sixth sense
Kokoro wo nokosazu心を残さず“Leave nothing of the spirit behind”; give your absolute to every technique
Kokusai国际International
Kokusai Budoin国際武道院International Martial Arts Federation
Kokusai taikaiInternationaal toernooi
Kōkutsu dachi後屈立Back stance
Kokyū呼吸Breath, breathing; knack, trick, secret (of doing something)
Kokyū hō呼吸法Methods of proper breathing
Koma musubi駒結びLit “foal knot,” square knot used to tie the obi (belt) of modern keikogi
Komekami米噛みTemple (body part)
Komekami uchi米噛み打ちTemple strike
KongokenOkinawan hojo undō apparatus
Konki根気Perseverance, patience, persistence
Konnichi wa今日はGood day, hello
KonteiNarrowed tips of a bō (3/4 inch in diameter)
Koppo骨法Knack; essence; bone-breaking methods
Koppōken骨法拳Thumb knuckle strike
Kōsa dachi交差立Cross-legged stance
Kōsa uke交差受けCross-armed block; also jūji uke
Kosha攻者Attacker
KoshiHip; loin; waist
Koshiki古式Old style; ancient ritual
Kōshiki hantei公式判定Official award
Kōshiza交指坐Variation of seiza 正座 in which big toes are crossed
Kossetsu骨折Bone fracture
Kosshijutsu骨質術Art of muscle striking
KotaiWissel (van partner of van plek in een rij)
Kotan枯淡Elegant simplicity
Kote小手Wrist; forearm
Kote骨質術Forearm protectors
Kote kitae小手鍛たえForearm forging, toughening of the forearm
KotsuBone, skeleton, frame, rib; hard work, knack, trick
Kotsuban骨盤Pelvis
KuNine; also kyū
Emptiness; sky; the void; also kara
KuatsuMethod of resuscitation
KubiNeck
Kubi o mawase undō首を回す運動Neck circles, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
KuchiMouth
KuchibiruLip
Kudoku功徳Virtue, pious act
Kūkan空間Space, room
KumaBear
KumadeBerenklauw
Kumite組手 or 组手Sparring
Kumite dachi组手立ちFighting stance
Kumo蜘蛛Spider
Kung fu功夫Chinese martial arts; literally, any kind of cultivated skill
KunTeaching, precept
Kunren訓練Training
Kunyomi訓読みJapanese or native reading of kanji, in contrast to Onyomi, the Sino-Japanese reading
KuroBlack
Kuro obi黒帯Black belt
KurumaWheel
Kusazuri草摺Tassets; armored thigh protectors
KusuriDrug or medicine
KutsuStoop, bend, crouch, yield, give in
Kuzushi崩しBreaking the opponent’s balance or centeredness
Kuzushi waza崩し技Techniques to unbalance
KyoEmpty, void
KyōChest, breast, bosom
KyōTeachings
KyōStrong, powerful, intense, tough; tolerant; impervious, durable; competent, knowledgeable; force, press, compel, coerce
Kyōiku教育Education, teaching, training
Kyōjaku強弱Strength, power
Kyojitsu虚実Truth and falsehood
Kyojitsu tenkan hō虚実転換法Interchanging truth and falsehood
Kyōka教科Teachings, curriculum, subject
Kyokai協会Association
Kyōkun教訓Lesson, precept, moral teaching
Kyokushinkai極真会“Society of the ultimate truth,” karate ryū founded by Ōyama Masutatsu
Kyoshi no kamae踞姿の構えSquat posture; on one knee
Kyōshi教士Teaching title above renshi and below hanshi
Kyōshi教師Sensei; not the same as kyōshi 教士
Kyōteki強敵Powerful enemy
Kyōto京都Old capital city of Japan
KyūNine; also ku
KyuGraden (kleur banden) tot 1e Dan (zwarte band)
Kyūdō弓道Way of the bow; Japanese archery
KyūdōjōA dōjō for kyūdō, ideally comprised of shajō, yamichi and matoba
Kyū kumite級組手Lower level yakusoku kumite (prearranged sparring)
Kyūshindō究心道“The way of longing for knowledge of the fundamental nature of anything”; Japanese theory of budō founded by Abbe Kenshiro
Kyūsho急所Pressure point or vital point
Kyūsho mato急所的Vital point target
Kyūsho jutsu急所術Vital point striking
Kyūsho waza急所技Pressure point techniques
Kyūsoku gamae waza休息構え技A break inserted into fighting or the sequence of a kata
MaHorse; also uma or ba
Maai間合いDistance between opponents
Ma ai ga toNiet de correcte afstand
Machi dojoPrive Dojo; kleinere / onafhankelijke Dojo
MachigaiFout / vergissing
MaeFront; also zen
Mae ashi geriTraptechniek met het voorste been; letterlijk ‘voorbeentrap’
Mae ashi keageVoorwaarts gestrekt opzwaaien van voorste been
Mae ate前当Front strike
Mae empiVoorwaartse elleboogtechniek
Mae geri前蹴りFront kick
Mae geri keage前蹴り蹴上げFront snapping kick
Mae geri fumikomi前蹴り踏み込みFront stamping kick
Mae geri kekomi前蹴り蹴込みFront thrust kick
Mae hiji ate前蹴肘当Front elbow strike
Mae keageVoorwaarts gestrekt opzwaaien van achterste been
Mae mawashi ukeVoorwaarts gerichte cirkelvormige afweer met beide armen (als molenwieken)
Mae no sen前の先Front attacking; attacking at the instant the opponent thinks about attacking
Mae tobi geri前飛び蹴りFlying front kick
Mae tobi hiza geri前飛び膝蹴りFlying front knee strike
Mae ude deai osae uke前腕出会い押え受けForearm pressing block
Mae ude hineri uke前腕捻り受Forearm twisting block
Maitta‘Ik geef me gewonnen’ / ‘ik geef op’
MakeVerliezer
MakiwaraMet stro omwikkelde verticale plank om stoottechnieken op te trainen en knokkels te harden (eeltvorming)
Man10.000, tienduizend
Manabu学ぶTo learn, to study in depth, to take lessons in
Manji uke卍受Gedan barai with jodan uchi uke or jodan soto yoko te
Mari Shiten摩利支天Esoteric Buddhist god of self defense and victory, one of the Jūniten, the twelve dieties
MaruCircle
Marui丸い or 円いCircle, circular
Mashomen no nekoashi dachi真正面の 猫足立Front viewing cat stance
Massugu真直Straight ahead
Masutatsu, Ōyama (1923 – 1994)大山倍達Born Choi Yeong-Eui 최영의, founder of Kyokushinkai karate-dō.
MataThigh, crotch, groin
Matsu待つWait
MatsuPine tree
Matsunen末年The final days; the final years; the last generation
Matte待ってStop immediately
Marwaru回るTo turn
Mawashi回しTurn or rotation
Mawashi barai回し払いRoundhouse (foot) sweep
Mawashi geri回し蹴り or 迴蹴Roundhouse kick
Mawashi hiza geriCirkelvormige knietechniek
Mawashi tobi geri回し飛び蹴りFlying roundhouse kick
Mawashi hiji ate回し肘当Roundhouse elbow strike
Mawashi shuto uchi回し外手打ちRoundhouse knife hand strike
Mawashi uke回し受Roundhouse block
Mawashi tsuki回し突きRoundhouse punch
Mawatte回ってCommand to turn
MeEye
Medama目玉Eyeball
MeiInscription on a Japanese sword
Meibun銘文The inscription in the mei in total, as opposed to just individual kanji
Meigirishi銘切り師People who specialized in inscribing mei
Meiji Restoration明治維新Time of crucial political transformation in Japan around 1868
Meijin名人Master of a Way; grandmaster, lit. “brilliant person”
Meiyo名 誉Honor, distinction; status of being worthy of honor
MenHoofd
Menkyo免許Teaching license
Men uchi面打ちStrike to the head
Mete目手Forward hand that can be seen by an opponent
Metsubushi目溃Throwing ash in the eyes; crushing the eyes; distracting the opponent
Metsuke目付けEye contact; focus
MiEyebrow
Mibun身分System of rights and responsibilities
MichiRoad, way, way of the universe; also, dō
Midare geikoVrije training
MidoriGreen
MienaiNiets gezien (scheidsrechtersterm; geen score of verboden techniek gezien)
MigiRight; also u
Migi do右胴Right side of body
Migi jigo tai右自護体Right defensive posture
Migikae tsukiJab punch
Migi mawari右回りClockwise
Migi shizen tai右自然体Right natural posture
Migi waki右脇Right side posture
Mika tsuki geriCirkelvormige aanval met voetzool
Mika tsuki geri ukeCirkelvormige afweer / blokkering met voetzool
Mikkyō密教Esoteric Buddhism; lit “secret teachings”
MimiEar
Mimitabu耳たぶEarlobe
MinamiSouth
Min ZinSystem of internal exercise similiar to qigong
Minzoku bujutsu民族武術Martial arts which existed before the first ryū
Miru見るTo look
Misekake見せ掛け or 見せかけFeint or false attack
MisogiRitual purification
Mitate見立New way of seeing
Mitori geiko見取稽古“Eyes grab practice”; learning by observing, especially when injured
MiyagiCadeau, presentje
Miyagi Chōjun (1888-1953)宮城 長順Founder of Gōjū ryū 剛柔流 karate-dō
Mizo ochi鸠尾Solar plexus
MizuWater
Mizuhiki水引Ribbon-like decoration on a wrapped gift
Mizu nagare tsukiHet stoten in water
Mizo no kokoroAls water reageren; rustig voor de aanval (storm), onstuimig tijdens de aanval (storm) en weer kalm na de aanval (storm)
Modotte戻ってCommand to return to original position
Mo ichidoもう一度One more time
MokuWood
Mokuroku目録Catalog or register of techniques or members of a ryū; middle stage of the menkyo rank system, after okuiri
Mokushin目心Lit “eye of the mind”; one of two types of metsuke
Mokusō黙想Meditation, part of the training of mushin; the call to meditate
Mokusō yamae黙想止めCommand to finish meditation
Mokuso zenHet streven bij langere meditatie is de geest leeg maken; gedachteloos te zijn
MomoThigh, femur
Momo geriTrap naar dijbeen; UCHI MOMO GERI is de trap naar de binnenzijde van het dijbeen; termen die men vaker voor MOMO GERI gebruikt zijn Mawashi Geri Gedan of Low Kick
Mo motteMeer
Momoyama jidai桃山時代Momoyama period, 1573-1599, when samurai began to wear two swords
MonFamily crest; also monsho 紋章, mondokoro 紋所 or kamon 家紋
Mondō問答Questions and answers; in Zen, a question to a student for which an immediate answer is demanded; cf koan 公案
Mondōmuyō問答無用“Dialogue is useless,” “argument is useless,” “don’t waste your breath”
Mondokoro紋所Family crest; also monsho 紋章, mon 紋 or kamon 家紋
Mongai fushutsu門外不出Never allowing something to be taken off the premises; a treasure or secret never seeing the light of day; knowledge kept in-house; not to be shown outside
Monjin門人Beginner, lit “person at the gate”
Mono no aware物の哀れAesthetic and spiritual concept of desolate poignancy and acceptance of impermanence
Mono uchi物打Best part of the sword with which to cut; 1/3 of the blade closest to the kissaki
Monshō紋章Family crest; also mon, mondokoro 紋所 or kamon 家紋
Montei門弟Accepted disciple, deshi
Montsuki紋付Formal kimono
Moro ashi dachi両足立ちOne foot forward stance
Moribana盛花“Piled up flowers”; style of kadō ( Japanese flower arrangement)
Morote諸手With both hands
Morote barai uke諸手払受Augmented lower block
Morote dori諸手取りTwo-handed grab
Morote uchi諸手打ちTwo-handed strike
Morote uke諸手受Two-handed or augmented block
Morote tsuki諸手突きTwo-handed punch
Mo sukoshiも少しA little more
Motohazu本弭Lower tip of the Japanese bow (Kyūdō)
Moto o元緒Main cord of those used to secure a kabuto to the head
MuNothingness
MubobiStraf, onsportief gedrag
Mudansha無段者Trainee without dan grade
Mufudakake武札掛け?A wooden commemorative plaque in a dōjō bearing the names of deceased masters
Muga無我No self-consciousness; egolessness
Muga ichi-nen hō無我一念法“No self, one thought method”; a form of meditation
Muga mushin無我無心No self; no mind; egolessness; being able to react without concern
Mui無為Doing nothing; unaffected calmness that does not conflict with nature
Mujō無常Uncertainty, impermanence
MukozuneAtemi point in the middle of the shin
MuneBack ridge of sword
Mune tsukiStoottechniek naar de borst
Munemachi棟区 or 棟関Notch at the start of the mune (back ridge of sword)
Mune saki棟先Point of the mune (back ridge of sword) at the kissaki (sword tip)
MuneChest
Munen mushin無念無心Striking without conscious concern about the outcome; mindset of non-fixation; state of emptiness
Munen musō無念無想No mind
Musanso undō無酸素運動Anaerobic exercise
Musha武者Warrior, a shortened form of bugeisha
Musha e武者絵Warrior print
Musha furi武者振りProwess, gallantry; also mushaburi
Musha furitsuku武者振り付くTo jump into the fray
Mushin無心Empty mind
Mushin no shin無心の心Mind of no mind
Mushotoku無所得(Practice seeking) no reward or profit
Musō無想No mind
Musubi結びKnot; union; ending; conclusion; informality
Musubi dachi結び立Informal stance, informal attention stance
MutekatsuLet. overwinning zonder handen. Een overwinning zonder er voor te moeten vechten
Mutō無刀No sword
Mutō waza無刀技No-sword techniques; waza for an unarmed fighter against an armed attacker
MyakuVein, pulse, hope
MyōSomething mysterious, extraordinary or marvelous, hinted at
MyojoPoint one inch below navel, vital point
MyoshoArea around the navel
Myo wa kyojitsu no kan ni ari“Essence exists in the void between actions”
Nafudakake名札掛けBoard in a dōjō showing name and rank
Nagare流れFlow, streaming
Nagashi uke流し受けSweeping or flowing block, used in the kata Naihanchi
Nagashi tsuki流し突きFlowing punch
Nagashi waza流し技Flowing from one technique to another
Nahate那覇⼿Old name for the marterial art from Naha in Okinawa
Naifanchi内歩進Karate kata performed in kiba dachi, lit. “internal divided conflict”
Naifanchi dachi内歩進立Straddle stance; also kiba dachi
Naiwan内腕Inner arm
NakaCenter
Nakadaka ippon ken中高一本拳Middle finger one knuckle punch; also nakadaka ken
Nakadaka ken中高拳Middle finger one knuckle punch; also nakadaka ippon ken
Naka ima中今Eternal present, eternal now
Nakamura Tadashi (1942 – )中村忠Japanese karateka, founder of Seidō Juku Karate
Naka niNaar het midden / middengedeelte
Nakayubi中指Middle finger
Nakazumi中墨Centerline
Nami ashi並足Lit “ordinary foot”: walking with smooth sliding steps
Nami ashi geri波足蹴りLit “wave foot kick”; block using foot; also namigaeshi
Nami gaeshi波返しLit “returning wave”; block using foot ; also nami ashi geri
NanaSeven; also shichi
Nana korobi ya oki七転八起“Fall seven times, get up eight”; motto of perseverance
Naname斜めDiagonal
Naname age empi uchi斜め 揚猿臂打ちDiagonally rising elbow strike; 45 degree elbow in kickboxing
Naore直れCommand to rest
Naoshite直してCommand to correct stance or position
Naotte直ってCommand to rest, relax, or return to stance
Narande並んでCommand to line up
Nebarizuoi粘強Persevering or tenacious
Neko ashi dachi猫足立Cat stance, lit “cat foot stance”
Nesshin熱心Enthusiasm, zeal
Newaza寝技Groundwork techniques
NiTwo
Ni bon2-stap
Nidan二段Second level
Nidan geri二段蹴りDouble kick
Nidan waza2-staptechnieken
Nihon日本Japan also, Nippon
Nihon fū日本風Japanese style
Nihon go日本語Japanese language
Nihon jin日本人Japanese people
Nihon jinron日本人論Lit “theories or discussions about the Japanese”; “often used by the Japanese to describe or rationalize their sense of uniqueness” (Lowry, The Karate Way)
Nihon Karate Kyokai日本唐手協会Japan Karate Association, organization for Shōtōkan karate
Nihon ken tsukiTwee vinger knokkelstoot
Nihon nukite二本貫手Two finger spear hand
Nihon nukite tsukiSpeerhandtechniek met 2 vingers
Nihon shobuGevecht dat wordt beslist na 2 punten
Nihon teien日本庭園Japanese garden
Nihon tsukiDubbele vuiststoot, twee keer achtereen stoten (links-rechts of rechts-links)
Ni iFinalist
Nijiri ashi躙り足Gliding both feet forward or backward (type of tai sabaki)
Nijiri guchi躙り口 or 躙戸Entrance to a chashitsu, or tea hut.
Niju kun二十訓The twenty precepts of karate, by Funakoshi Gichin
Niju shiho二十四步“24 steps,” Karate kata; a Chince books putting forth 24 moral principles
Ni kai senTweede ronde
Nikutai肉体Body, flesh
Ninja忍者Feudal Japanese spy
Ninjō人情Human feelings; compassion
Ninjutsu忍術“Art of invisibility”; martial art of espionage
Nintai忍耐Patience, perseverance, endurance
Nippon日本Japan; also, Nihon
Nippon Budōkan日本武道館Large budō hall in Tōkyō, often shortened to Budōkan
Nippon Karate Kyokai日本空手協会Japanese Karate Association, founded 1 May 1949
Nippon-tō日本刀Japanese sword
Nishi西West
Nitobe Inazō (1862-1933)新渡戸稲造Author of Bushidō.
NiwaGarden also tei
Brain
NoVan
NobashiUitgestrekt / uitgerekt
NoboriJapanese banners or long narrow flags denoting units within an army
NodoThroat
Nogareru逃れるTo escape
No naka niVan binnen; binnenin
Nōryoku能力Ability, capacity
Noshi熨斗Paper wrapping for cash given as a gift or payment
Nukite贯手Spear hand
Nyūanshin初心Beginner’s mind; also pronounced shoshin
Nyūmonsha入門者Beginner
ŌMajor, great, large
ObiBelt
Obi musubi帯結びBelt knot
Ochitsuki落ち着きCalm, composure
Odekoお凸Forehead (colloquial)
Ō harai no gi大祓の儀Purification ceremony; also harai no gi 祓の儀; related to misogi 禊
Ohayōお早うGood morning
Ohayō gozaimasuお早う御座いますGood morning
Oi waza追い技Chasing or following strikes attacking the opponent as s/he retreats
Oi tsuki追い突きLunge punch; front punch, junzuki 順突き
OjiReactie
Oji wazaReactie(s) op ontvangende technieken (aanvallen); zoals blokkeringen / counters
Ōkakumaku横隔膜Diaphragm
Ōkamakiri mushi大螳螂虫Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also kamakiri or tōrō
Oki iGroot
Okinawa沖縄Birthplace of karate, het eiland ten zuiden van Japan. Vroeger onafhankelijk, nu maakt het deel uit van het keizerrijk Japan. Karate komt oorspronkelijk uit Okinawa; de technieken oorspronkelijk uit China
OkuSecret or deep
Okuden奥傳Inner or secret teachings
Okugi奥義Secret techniques; secrets, esoterica, arcana
Okuiri奥入Introduction to the secrets; lowest level of the menkyo rank system
Okunote奥の手Left hand, upper hand, secret skills, trump card, mystery, last resort
Oku sandanAn old grade marking a dividing line between junior (1-3 dan) and senior (4+) yudansha
OmoteFront, surface, outside, entering or obvious
Omote waza表技Outside or manifest techniques; obvious techniques that can be displayed in public
OnObligation, favor, benefit, something requiring repayment
Onaji waza同じ技“Same technique”
Onakaお腹Abdomen, belly, stomach
Onegai shimasuお願いします“I make a request” or “I ask of you,” said when bowing and initiating practice
Onegai otsukaresamadeshitaお願いお疲れ様でしたThank you used after training with a partner
Oni fumi komiStamp van de duivel. De stamptechniek der Sumo worstelaars (oa voor aanvang wedstrijd om de duivels te verjagen)
Oniken鬼拳One knuckle punch using forefinger; also hitosashi ipponken
Onimusha鬼武者Daredevil warrior
Onjin恩人Benefactor
Onko chishin温故知新“To search for the old is to understand the new”
Onyomi音読みSino-Japanese reading of kanji, in contrast to Kunyomi, the Japanese or native reading
OrandaオランダHolland, The Netherlands
Oreiお礼Respect; etiquette; bowing
OriBreak
Orishiku折り敷くKneeling
Oroshi下ろしDownward or descending
Oroshi uchi下ろし打ちDownward strike
OsaeDrukken, druk uitoefenen; balans verstoren
Osae komi waza押え込技“Pressing technique,” pinning technique
Osae uchi押え打ちPressing strike
Osae uke押え受けPressing block
Osame tō納め刀Command to place sword in obi
Ō sensei大先生Great teacher
Ōsode大袖Armor for upper arms and shoulders
Osu押忍Karate salutation
Groet (uitspraak is OESH); ook als antwoord op vraag van leraar, als teken dat je het begrepen hebt; binnen het Kyokushin is etiquette van groot belang, je dient elkaar met OSU te groeten, ook bij het betreden of verlaten van sportschool of sportzaal
Osu! Arigato gosai mashitaDank u (beleefd), bijvoorbeeld als antwoord op onderstaande vraag of naar leraar aan het einde van de les
Osu! Yoroshiku onegai shimasuGroet nieuwe partner
OtagaiCollega, trainingsgenoot, elkaar
Otagai ni arigato gosai mashiteGroet / dankwoord naar alle aanwezigen / trainingsgenoten
Otagai ni reiIedereen groeten / alle aanwezigen groeten
Otomoお供Escort to a sensei
Otoshi落としDrop, fall, come down
Otoshi hiji ate落とし肘当てDownward elbow strike; also otoshi empi uchi; cf sok sub (chopping elbow)
Otoshi uchi落とし打ちDownward strike
Otoshi uke落とし受けDropping block
Otoshi tsuki落とし突きDropping punch; downward punch
Otsukare samadeshita御疲れ様でした“Good job today and goodbye,” “Thank you for your tiredness from effort”
Oya sumi nasaiGoedenacht; welterusten
Oya yubi ken親指拳Thumb fist
Oya yubi ippon ken亲指一本拳Thumb knuckle punch
Ōyō応用Lit “practical use,” fighting applications drawn from kata; bunkai, by contrast, means “to take apart,” “to break down” or “to analyze”
Pinan平安Karate kata series, lit. “Peaceful, tranquil,” Heian
Pinan Dai平安大“Great Pinan,” a form combining all 5 individual Pinan kata into one long continuous form
Potsai披塞“To Penetrate a Fortress” karate kata; also Bassai, Passai or Patsai
Ran bu hoShadow boxing
Randori乱捕りFree practice
ReiBow, etiquette, thanks, gratitude
Reigi礼儀Rituals of etiquette
Reigisahō礼儀作法Etiquette
Reigi no renshū礼儀の練習Learning to respect each other
Reihō礼法Etiquette, rules of etiquette
Reiki霊気Healing art by laying-on of hands
ReikishiGeschiedenis
Reisansoke礼三息“Three step breathing method,” proper breathing during a bow
Reishiki礼式Etiquette
RenForge, temper, refine, polish, train
Rendaku連濁“Sequential voicing”: voicing of the initial consonant of the non-intial portion of a compound or prefixed word.
Ren hanko連反攻Counter attack
Renkei waza連係技Connection techniques
Renkō錬功Skills acquired through hard training; feats of practice
Renko hoMethods of immobilizing opponent by blocking or locking her/his arms
Renma练磨Polishing, training
Renmei連盟Federation
Renoji dachiレの字立L-shaped stance
Renraku waza連盟技Combination techniques
RenseiOefentoernooi / toernooi voor beginners / om ervaring op te doen
Renshi錬士Title below kyōshi and hanshi
Renshū練習Practice, training
Rentai hō連体法Physical education, one of Kanō’s three principles
Renzoku連続Continuous; without count (as in performing a kata)
Renzoku waza連続技Continuous techniques
Renzuki連突Multiple punches
RiTruth, principle, justice
Riai理合Harmony of principles
Ri ariRoot form of a technique
Ri gi ittai理技一体Theory and practice as one
Rigyō kenbi理業兼備Exercise without thinking is useless
Riken裡拳Backfist, also uraken
Ritsudō律动Rhythm, feeling of rhythm
Ritsu rei立礼Standing bow; also tachi rei
Ritsuzen立禅Standing meditation
Rokkotsu肋骨Rib
RokuRib
RokuSix
Rokushakubō六勺 棒Long staff; six foot staff from Okinawa; also bō
Rōnin浪人Masterless samurai; literally, “wave men”
Samurai zonder werkgever of leider (DAIMYO); werkte vaak in ruil voor voedsel en onderdak Om niet te verhongeren gingen vele Ronin als landwerker (boer) werken en verloren daarmee hun Samurai status
Rōshi廬至Title for a Zen master; lit “old teacher” or “venerable teacher”
RyakuAbbreviation, omission, shorten
RyōBoth; two-handed
Ryoji療治Healing art
Ryō kenBoth fists
Ryō ken koshi gamae両拳腰構えBoth fists at hips posture, as in Pinan Sandan; also ryō ken ryō koshi gamae 両拳両腰構え
RyokuPower; also chikara
RyōmiIntense, ongoing, critical reflection on the self
Ryō shō jūji uke両掌十字受けTwo palm cross block
Ryō teBoth hands
Ryō te doriMet 2 handen, iedere hand pakt een hand van de tegenstander
Ryō te kubitoriMet 2 handen, iedere hand pakt een pols van de tegenstander
RyūSchool, style, literally “stream”
Ryū竜 or 龍Dragon
Ryūgi流技Lit “technique of the ryū”; method or style of technique; substyle
Ryūha流派Stream sect; branch school or system
Ryūtoken竜头拳Dragon head fist
SaLeft also hidari
Sabaki捌きMovement; handling; decisive movement; dynamics
Sabaki裁きTo judge
SabiSolitariness or aloneness embraced and accepted; elegant simplicity; patina; an antique look
Sabi shiori寂栞Melancholy aloneness; the art of being alone
Sadō茶道The way of tea; also chadō
Sageo下緒Sword knot, cord used to secure a katana in the obi
Saguru探るTo probe or grope
Sahō左方Left direction
SaiKobudō weapon; trident with long middle prong
Saibu細部Details
Saijutsu釵術Art of the sai
Saika tanden最下丹田Center of the body, energy focus point below navel
Saikeirei最敬礼Lit “most respectful bow”; kneeling bow with forehead touching the floor
Saiku細工Craftsmanship, work; tactics, trick
Saishu encho-senVerlengde finale (bij onbeslist)
Sainō才能Inherent ability or latent talent
Sakki殺気Thirst for blood; killing mood; intuition or sensitivity to aggession from others
Sakotsu鎖骨Clavicle
Sakotsu uchi锁骨打ちClavicle strike
Sakotsu uchikomi锁骨打ち込みClavicle driving strike
Sakusen作戦 or 策戦Skill in strategy
SamuraiFeudal Japanese professional warrior, class of bushi, literally, “One who serves”
Samegawa鮫皮Shark or ray skin used as a wrapping for a sword handle
-sanさんCommon Japanese honorific suffix; like “Mr.” or “Ms.”, but never used in reference to oneself
SanThree
SanbonThree times
Sanbom kumiteDriestaps oefening basis sparren
Sanbon shobu三本勝負Three point tournament match
Sanbon tsuki三本突きThree consecutive punches, often as a combination of jōdan, chudan and gedan
Sanchin三戰 or 三進 or 参戦Karate kata; lit. “three battles”
Sanchin dachi三戦立Three battles stance; hourglass stance
Sanchin kitei三戰鍛たえConditioning or striking the body in Sanchin kata; whole body conditioning
Sanchin shimeTesting conditioning and strength in Sanchin kata
SandanThird
Sankai senThird round
Sankaku geriDriehoektrap; een trap met wreef of scheen, tussen Mae Geri en Mawashi Geri in
Sanmai三昧Self-effacement, concentration, absorption
Sankaku三角Triangle
Sanshu no Jingi三種の神器Three sacred treasures, the imperial regalia of Japan: the sword 草薙劍 (kushinagi) , the jewel 八尺瓊曲玉 (yasakani no magatama) and the mirror 八咫鏡 (yata no kagami)
Sasae支えTo prop up
Sasae hiji ate支肘当Supported elbow strike
Sasae uke支受けSupported block
Sashiai差し合い“Reciprocal interference”; less is more
Sashite差し手Raising of the hand to strike, grab or block
Satori悟りEnlightenment
Satsui殺意Murderous intent
Satsujiga殺自我Killling the ego
SayaScabbard
Sayonara左様ならGood bye
Sayū左右Left and right
Sayū barai uke左右払受Double lower block
Sayū uchi左右打ちLeft and right strike
Sayū uke左右受けLeft and right blocks; simultaneous, identical blocks with both arms
Sayū tsuki左右突Left and right punches; simultaneous, identical punches with both arms
SeBack; back of body
Sebone背骨Thoracic spine or dorsal spine
SeiNatural, true, correct, righteous
SeiCharacter, nature, temperament, sex, gender; also shō
SeiSincerity, a true heart, faithfulness, truth, fact
SeiSwear, oath, vow, promise
SeiLight, easy, insignificant, trifling, flippant
Sei chū dō静中動State in which the body appears to be still, but the mind is fully ready to respond; contrasted to dō chū sei
Sei chu sen正中線Median line; correct middle line, center line
Seigan誓願Oath, vow, pledge; vow training
Seigan正眼Natural step
Seigi正義Justice, right, righteousness, correct meaning
Seigyo制御Control
Seihōkei正方形Square
Seijitsu誠実Good faith, honest, faithful, truthful, sincere
Seikaku正確Accuracy, precision, exactitude; exact, precise, correct
Seikaku ni正確にProperly
Seikan静観Calm, composed, observant temperament
Seika tanden臍下丹田Lower abdomen; center of the abdomen; lit “the red rice paddy below the navel”
Seiken正拳Front of fist or forefist
Seiken mawashi tsuki正拳回し突きRoundhouse punch
Seiken tsuki正拳突きBasic punch
Seiki正気Right spirit; true heart; true character; vital life force
Seikitsui脊椎Spine, vertebra
SeimoEye socket
Seiretsu斉列Command to line up
Seiri整理Sorting, arrangement, adjustment, regulation
Seiri taisō整理体操Cool down exercises, exercises after class, “back to normal” exercises
Seishi誓詞Pledge by student upon joining a school, at one time made in blood
Seishin正心Proper mind; right spirit; spirit
Seishin ryoku精神力Spiritual/moral strength
Seishin shūyō精神修養Spritual cultivation, mental discipline
Seishin tanren精神鍛錬Spiritual forging
Seishitsu性質Nature, property, disposition
Seitei制定Establishment
Seitō正統Orthodox, legitimate, traditional
Seito生徒Student
Seiza正座Literally correct sitting”; also, 静坐, “still sitting”; act of kneeling into seiza is called chakuza
Seiza shiteKniezit op volgorde van graad
Sekai世界World
Sekai taitaiWereldkampioen(schap)
Sekiwan uke隻腕受けBlocks with one arm
Sekizui脊髄Spinal column
Sekkotsu接骨Bone setting
SemePsychological pressure (on an opponent)
Seme guchi攻め口“Attack mouth,” an opening or vulnerability
Semete攻め手Attacker; offense, method of attack
Semete攻め手Pushing or pressing hand
Sempai先輩Senior; also senpai; cf kōhai
Sempai ni reiGroet aan oudere, gevorderde, hoogst aanwezige leerling
SenInitiative; the decisive moment when a killing action is initiated; point, tip, end; ahead, future; prior, previous
Senaka背中Back (body part)
Senbatsu taitaiEliminatietoernooi
Seni soshitsuOntbreken vechtlust
Senjitsu no keiko tan to ii banjitsu no keiko rento yu千日の稽古を鍛とし 万日の稽古を練とす“1000 days to forge the spirit, 10,000 to polish it” (Miyamoto Musashi)
Sen jutsu先術Tactics
Sen ken“See first”; anticipate
Sen no sen先の先Early advantage (tai no sen: direct; yu no sen: indirect)
Senpai先輩Senior; also sempai; cf kōhai
Senryaku戦略Strategy
Sensei先生Teacher, literally, “one who has gone before”
Sensei ni rei先生に礼Command to bow to the sensei
Sen sen no sen先々の先Highest form of initiative; taking control early; pre-emptive intiative
Sente先手Initiative; literally, “first hand”
Seoi背負Upper back or back of shoulders
Seppuku切腹Formal term for ritual suicide by disembowelment; more colloquially, hara kiri
Sesshin接心 or 摂心 or 攝心Lit “gathering the mind,” intensive training, esp. in Zen
Sesshō殺生The destruction of life, cruelty, brutality
Sesshu reiType of bow
Setsuzokku接続Fluidity and continuity
ShaPerson, e.g. bugeisha
Shajō射場Shooting hall, part of a kyūdōjō; other parts are the yamichi and matoba
Shakkei借景Lit “borrow or lend scene”; prinicple of incorporating the background landscape into a garden or architecture; older term is ikedori
Shakoken蝦古拳Open-handed palm strike
ShiFour
ShiDeath
ShiExpert; learned man; magnificent man, samurai
Shiai試合Competition
Shiai geiko試合-稽古Competition practice which may also be judged
Shiai jō試合場Place where competition takes place
Shiatsu指圧Japanese acupressure; finger massage
Shibu支部Branch, subdivision
Shibucho支部長Branch chief
Shibui渋いElegant
Shibui mono渋い物Elegant things
Shibumi渋味 or 下味Good taste, astringency, refinement, effortless perfection, elegant simplicity; poise
ShichiSeven
Shidō士道Ethical system of the bushi; also bushidō 武士道; sometimes, “the way of the gentleman,” as less radical than bushidō
Shidō指導Guidance, leadership
Shidō geiko指導稽古“Way person practice,” learning by teaching
Shidōin指導員Assistant or intermediate level instructor; instructor of technical aspects of karate
Shidōsha指導者Leader; assistant instructor
Shidōshi指導士Teacher of the warrior way
Shihan師範Teacher of teachers
Shihan dai師範代Assistant instructor
Shihanke師範家Family instructor. Actual teacher, as distinguished from the sōke, who may be a non-teaching hereditary leader for a ryū
Shihan ni reiGroeten aan de meester leraar (buiging naar de meester / hogere leraar )
Shihō四方Four directions
Shihon nukite四本貫手Four finger spear hand
Shihon nukite chūdan tate tsuki四本中段縦突きMiddle level vertical spear hand, as in Pinan Nidan and Sandan
Shikaku四角 or 死角 or 刺客Square; “Dead corner,” blind spot, vulnerable angle; Assassin, killer, slayer, hit man, stabber
Shikanken指環拳Strike with the second knuckles of the hand
Shiken試験Examination, test, study, trial
Shiken rei指建礼Formal kneeling bow in the presence of kōhai; also shiken rei
Shiken zarei指建座礼Formal kneeling bow in the presence of kōhai; also shiken rei
Shiki士気 or 式 or 指揮 or 私記Fighting spirit, morale; Ceremony, form, style; Command; Private record
Shikin haramitsu dai ko myō“In every instance there is the possibility of enlightenment”
Shik-kakuDiskwalificatie, onsportief gedrag
Shiko dachi四股立Square stance; sometimes called horse stance
Shime絞めChoke; strangle (shime)
Shimoseki下席Lower seat of the dōjō, where students line up facing teachers
Shimoza下座Lower place of honor, to left of shinzen
Shin心 or 神 or 身 or 真Heart, will, mind, spirit; also, kokoro; God, spirit, supernatural being, kami; Body, self; also mi; Real, actual, true, authentic, genuine, also makoto
Shinai竹刀Bamboo sword used in kendō
Shinayaka柔軟Soft, pliable, flexible, supple, elastic, pliant, lithe
Shinden神殿Temple or sacred place; the most sacred building in a Shintō shrine (also honden 本殿 “main building)
Shingan心眼Rooted in Zen philosophy, it means “mind’s eye” or “heart’s eye,” and refers to the ability to sense an opponent’s thoughts or feelings via an inner sense.
Shingi心技Spirit and technique
Shin gi tai心技体Spirit, technique and body
Shin gi tai ichi心技体一Spirit, technique and body as one
Shinjin Ichinyo心身一如Oneness of body and mind
Shinjutsu鍼術Acupuncture; also harijutsu
Shinkei神経Nerve (body part)
Shinken shōbu kumite真剣勝負組手Full contact Kyokushinkai knockdown tournament allowing normally prohibited punches to the face (with light gloves)
Shin ki ryoku itchi心気力ー致Unity of mind, spirit and technique
Shinkū真空Vacuum, emptiness, void, hollow
Shinkū musō真空無想Emptiness of no mind; serene, untroubled mental and spiritual place (kyūdō); true emptiness without chracteristics (Zen painting)
Shinkyokū深呼吸Deep breathing, final junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Shinobu忍ぶTo endure; to conceal oneself, to hide
Shinpai心配Anxiety, worry, concern, care
Shinpan (-in)Scheidsrechter / jurylid
Shinri心理Mental state, psychology
Shinsa審査Grading or examination
Shinshin心身Mind and body; Stopped or fixed mind; mind open to attack
Shinshin to itsu心身統一Unification of mind and body
Shinshin shūgyō心身修行Mind and body training
Shintai身体 or 神体 or 進退Human body; Divine body; Movement; course of action; advance or retreat
Shintai sōsa身体操作Proper body mechanics
Shintaidō新体道“New body way,” a body movement art derived from karate-dō
Shintō神道“The way of the Gods”; ancient religion of Japan
Shinyō信用Trust, confidence, faith, belief
Shinza神座Spirit seat; also, kamiza
Shinza ni rei神座に礼Command to bow towards the shrine
Shinzen神前Altar or shrine
Shinzen ni rei神前に礼Command to bow towards the shrine
Shinzō心臓Heart (organ)
ShiriButtocks, hips
ShiroCastle
Shiro or Shiroi白 or 白いWhite; also haku , byaku
Shiro no kachiWit heeft gewonnen (dit roept meestal de scheidsrechter)
Shisei至誠 or 姿勢Sincerity, devotion; Posture, attitude
Shiseidō資生堂The way of femininity
Shishō師匠Martial arts instructor
Shiso始祖Founder or originator
ShitaUnder, below, beneath, inferior ; also ge
Shitabaki下履きPants; underpants; outdoor shoes
Shita kara下からFrom below
Shita tsuki下突き or 振突Uppercut
Shite仕手Person responding to an attack by the uke; also tori or nage
Shitei師弟Relationship of teacher and student
Shitei waza指定技Set form in grading or competition
Shitōken指刀拳Thumb tip strike; also bōshiken
ShitsuKnee
Shitsu kansetsu膝関節Knee joint
ShitsugaNatural talent or abilities which cannot be taught
Shitsuken膝腱Hamstring
Shizen自然Nature; natural or spontaneous
Shizen hontai自然本体Natural posture; also shizentai
Shizen tai自然体“Natural body stance”; natural stance, hachiji dachi; also shizenhontai
Shizentai dachi自然体立Same as shizentai
Shizen tai hidari or migiNatuurlijke stand met linker en rechter been voor
Shizen teki自然的Naturalness and reverence for nature
Shizoku死側Dead side; vulnerable angle, usually the “outside” flank;
Shizoku士族Warriors, samurai
Sho初 or 暑 or 小First or new; Hot; Minor, little or small
ShōPalm
Shōbu勝負Victory or defeat; match, contest, game, bout ; cf shinken shōbu, a contest with real swords or life-and-death combat
Shobu kumite(ippon of sanbon) 1 puntsgevecht (ippon) of drie puntsgevecht (sanbon)
Shochū geiko暑中 稽古Midsummer training
Shodai初代Founder, first generation
Shodō書道The way of the brush (calligraphy)
Shodōka書道家Exponent of shodō
ShofuKyūsho, side of neck; also dokosen
Shogi将棋Japanese chess
Shōgun将軍Absolute military leader in feudal Japan
Shōjiki正直Honesty; straight from the heart
Shōkai紹介Letter of introduction
Shōkaijō紹介状Letter of introduction
Shomen正面Front
Shomen geri正面蹴りFront kick
Shomen ni reiBuiging / buig naar voren
Shō osae uke掌押え受けPressing block with palm, as executed with tate nukite in Pinan Nidan and Sandan
Shōsei勝 声“Victorious voice”; type of kiai
Shoshin初心Beginner’s mind; also, nyuanshin
Shoshinsha初心者Beginner
Shōtei掌底Palm heel; also teisho
Shotei uchiSlag met open handpalm
Shotei ukeAfwering met open handpalm
Shubaku手白Unarmed close combat
Shubō手棒Forearm, lit “arm stick”; also wantō
Shūchū集中Concentration
Shūchū ryoku集中力Power of concentration
Shūgeki襲撃Attack, charge, raid
Shugo守護Protection or safeguard
Shūgō集合Command to line up or come together for instruction
Shūgyō修業The pursuit of knowledge; cultivation of the mind and spirit
Shūgyōsha修行者One practicing shūgyō; notable examples: Ōyama Masutatsu and Ueshiba Morihei; one who trains diligently
Shuhai手背Back of hand
Shu Ha Ri守 破 離Japanese martial art concept which describes the stages of learning to mastery:
Shu (守) “protect”, “obey”—traditional wisdom—learning fundamentals, techniques, heuristics, proverbs
Ha (破) “detach”, “digress”—breaking with tradition—detachment from the illusions of self
Ri (離) “leave”, “separate”—transcendence—there are no techniques or proverbs, all moves are natural, becoming one with spirit alone without clinging to forms; transcending the physical
Shukō手甲Back of hand; also haishu 背手
Shūkyō宗教Spiritual life; religion; faith
Shūren修練Training, discipline, drill; also tanren
Shuri te首里手Okinawan karate practiced in the village of Shuri.
Shusha守者Defender, cf. kosha 攻者, attacker
Shūshi修士Master
Shūshin修身Ethics, training, morals
ShushinScheidsrechter
Shushin ni reiGroet / buiging naar scheidsrechter
Shuso宗祖Founder or originator; cf shiso
Shutō手刀Knife or sword hand; also tegatana; also 外手
Shutō age uke手刀揚げ受けRising knife hand block
Shutō teisho uke手刀底掌受けKnife hand palm heel block
Shutō uchi手刀打ちKnife hand strike
Shutō uke手刀受けKnife hand block
Shutsui手槌Hammerfist, lit “hand hammer,” also tettsui or kentsui
Sōchin dachi壮鎮立ちRooted stance
Onbeweeglijke stand
SodeSleeve
Sodeguchi袖口Cuff or wristband
Sōden相伝Inherited teachings
Sōdensho相伝書Book or scroll of inherited teachings
Sōgō総合Comprehensive or composite
Sōgō budō総合武道Comprehensive or composite martial way, practicing several arts or weapons
Sōgō bujutsu総合武術Comprehensive or composite martial art, practicing several arts or weapons
Sōgō kakutōgi総合格闘技Mixed martial arts
Sōhei僧兵Buddhist warrior monks
Sōji掃除Cleaning the dōjō; cleaning, sweeping, dusting, scrubbing, mopping
Sōke宗家Headmaster of a style (need not be the founder)
SokuFoot; also ashi
Soku速 or 側Fast, quick, speed, velocity; Side, neighbourhood, vicinity, proximity
Sokudo速道Speed
Sokuhai足背Instep, top (back) of foot
Sokumen側面Side, flank, aspect
Sokushinza足心坐Seiza with the feet crossed
Sokusō足爪Tips of toes
Sokutei足底Sole of foot or bottom of heel
Sokutei mawashi uke足底回し受けRoundhouse sole block
Sokutō足刀“Foot sword,” outer edge of foot; abbreviation of sokutō geri, side kick
Sokutō geri足刀蹴りSide kick
Sokuyakuken足躍拳Strike using the heel of the foot
Sonkei尊敬Respect
Sonkyo蹲踞Traditional start to a fight or drill, kneeling or squatting (kendo)
SorashiFeint
Sōsai総裁President or director-general; title given to Ōyama Masutatsu, founder of Kyokushinkai karate
Sōshu rei双手礼Basic everyday bow in Japan
Sōtai renshū相対練習Partner practice
SotoOutside; outer; also gai
Soto furi uchi外振り打ちOutward swinging strike
Soto hachiji dachi外八字立Hachiji dachi (natural stance) with toes pointed outward
Soto kote外小手Outside of forearm
Soto sune ukeScheenbeenblok van buiten naar binnen
Soto ude ukeAfweer binnenkant voorarm
Soto uke外受けOuter block
Suburi素振りRepetitive solo practice with bō or bokken
Sudōri素通りMomentum; passing through without stopping
Suhada bujutsu素肌武術Lit “naked martial arts,” techniques done in street clothes
Suibokuga水墨画Ink painting; also sumi-e
Suigetsu水月Solar plexus, lit. “water moon”
SujiLine of muscle or nerve
Sujikabuto筋兜Armored helmet, lit “ribbed helmet”
Sūjiku枢軸Axis or pivot
Sukima隙間 or 透き間An opening or gap in kamae 構え
Sukoshi少しA little
Sukui救いHelp, aid, relief
Sukui uke掬い受けScooping block
SumiCorner
SumiInk, ink stick
Sumi-e墨絵Ink painting; also suibokuga 水墨画
Sumimasen済みません“Excuse me”; “I’m sorry”
Sumō相撲Japanese wrestling
Sunao素直Obedient, meek, unaffected, honest, frank; sometimes used in respect to a simple and direct bunkai
Sun dome寸止めTo arrest a technique just before contact with a target
Sune胫 or 脛Shin
Sune ukeBlok met het scheenbeen
Suri ashi摺り足Gliding movement beginning with forefoot
SusoHem, bottom or skirt of a uniform
Susuharai煤払いTraditional Japanese end-of-the-year cleaning, as in a dōjō
Suwari座りSit
Suwari taiso座り体操Sitting exercises; seated stretching
Suwari waza座り技Seated technique
Suwatte座ってCommand to sit or kneel
Suwatte kudasai座ってくださいRequest to sit down
Tabudō geiko他武道稽古Practicing other martial arts
Tachi太刀Sword
Tachi (also Dachi)Stance
Tachi kataVorm(en) van standen
Tachi rei立礼Standing bow, also ritsu rei
Tachi wazaVerzamelnaam voor alle standen
Tadashi katachi正し形Correct form
TaiBody
Tai atariLichamelijk contact
Tai chikara体力Using external muscle power
Tai jiquan太极拳One of the three most well-known styles of internal kung fu; also, tai chi chuan. (Chinese)
Tai ji tu太极图The diagram of yin and yang
Tai juGewicht
Tai ju hanteiBeslissing door gewicht (lichtste persoon wint)
Tai jutsu体術Art of unarmed combat; lit “body skill” or “body art”; another name for jūjutsu
Tai kaiToernooi
Tai kaiSamenkomst / samenkomen / grote ontmoeting. Een sociaal gebeuren, zoals tijdens een seminar, toernooi of zomerkamp
Tai ken no hokyō undō体幹の補強運動Core training
Tai ki bansei大器晩成“Great talents mature late,” “To achieve greatness late in life”
Tai kiken太気拳“Great energy boxing,” Japanese version of kung fu founded by Sawai Kenichi; also Taiki shisei kempō
Tai ki shisei kempō太気至誠拳法Japanese version of kung fu founded by Sawai Kenichi; also Taiki-ken
Tai koCeremoniïele drum die in Japan wordt gebruikt bij openingceremonies van toernooien en in Dojos voor de training. Er zijn ook Taiko (muziek) demonstraties
Tai koOog in oog staan met een tegenstander
Tai kyoku太極“First cause,” karate kata
Tai nin体認Body recognition
Tai no sen待の先To wait for the initiative
Tai no shinsukuPhysical expansion and contraction, as in kata
Tai o mae ni taosu undō体を前に倒す運動Waist scoop, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Tai raFamily of warriors; enemies of the Minamoto 源
Tai ryō体量Body weight
Tai ryoku体力Physical strength
Tai sabaki体捌きBody movement, body shifting, body turning
Tai sō体操Calisthenics, exercises, gymnastics
Tai toku体得Body realization; mastery, knack, realization, experience, comprehension
Take oriBreken van een vinger
TaketaScheidsrechter commando om vechtenden te scheiden
TakiWaterfall
Takuan Sōhō (1573 – 1645)沢庵 宗彭Zen priest who influenced kendō
TamashiiSoul or spirit
Tameshigiri試し切りTest cutting with a sword
Tameshi wazaBreektechnieken
Tameshiwari試し割りBreaking, as in a demonstration of breaking boards or bricks
TanGallbladder; spirit
TanForge, temper, train, drill, [instill] discipline
Tanden丹田Abdomen below the navel; center of balance of the body; in Chinese, dantian
Tandoku renshū単独練習Solo practice
Tanin geiko他人稽古Practicing with multiple attackers
Tanren鍛練Training, as process of forging
Tanshiki kumiteSparring met (door de instructeur bepaalde) gelimiteerde technieken; zoals sparring zonder low kicks of zonder trappen naar het hoofd of uitsluitend traptechnieken (zonder stoten vechten)
Tare垂れHanging; skirts of bōgu or coat
Taryū jiai他流試合Challenge match between practitioners of different styles
TatamiFloor mat
TateVertical, standing or upright
Tate empi縦猿臂Vertical (uppercut) elbow
Tate hiza立膝Battlefield sitting posture
Tateken縦拳Standing fist
TatekiMeerdere aanvallers
Tateki geiko干城稽古Practice with multiple attackers
Tateki uchi干城 打ちFighting with multiple attackers
Tate kote ori縦小手折Vertical wrist break
Tate KudasaiVerzoek om te gaan staan; sta rechtop alsjeblieft
Tate mae縦前Vertical front, facade; keeping a poker face
Tate nukite縦貫手Vertical spear hand
Tate shakai縦社会Vertical society; system of relationships such as sempai/kohai
Tate shutō uke縦手刀受Vertical sword hand block
Tate tsukiKorte stoot waarbij de vuist vertikaal staat (duimzijde omhoog en pinkzijde omlaag)
Tate ukeAfweer met rechte handkant
Tate uraken uchi縦裏拳打Vertical backfist strike
Tate tsuki縦突きVertical punch (punch with vertical or standing fist)
TatshuOpstaan na meditatie
Tatte立って“Stand up” (command)
TawaraRice bale
TeHand; the indigenous martial art of Okinawa (also ti)
TeepถีบLit “foot jab,” push kick with front leg
Tegatana手刀Hand sword; also shutō
Teiji dachi丁字立ち“T stance,” with the front foot at right angles to and aligned with the middle of the back foot, cf. renoji dachi
Teishō底掌Palm heel; palm heel strike
Teishō ate底掌当Palm heel strike
Teishō awase uke底掌合せ受Combined palm heel block
Teishō otoshi底掌落Palm heel drop
Teishō uchi底掌打ちPalm heel strike
Teishō uke底掌受Palm heel block
Teisoku低足Arch of foot or sole of foot
Teisoku osae uke低足押え受けSole of the foot pressing block
TekiOpponent
Tekki鉄騎“Iron Horse,” karate kata series (shodan, nidan, sandan)
Tekubi手首Wrist; lit “neck of the hand”
Tekubikossetsu手首骨折Fractured wrist
Tekubi undo手首運動Wrist exercises
Tembun jutsu天文術Weather forecasting
TenHeaven; in Chinese, tian tang 天堂
Tenchi天地Heaven and earth
TendoAtemi point on the top of the head, at the frontal coronal suture; also tento
Tenegui手拭いSmall hand cloth used by kendōka under their helmets to absorb sweat; also tenugui, men-tenegui or hachimaki
Tenkai転回Pivoting 180 degrees on balls of feet
Tenkan転換Pivoting 180 degrees by moving one foot behind the other
Te no hira手の平Palm of the hand
Te no yubi手の指Finger; also yubi
Tenshin転進Sideward body shifting
Tenshin転身Pivot or sweeping body turn
Tenshin happō転身八方“Movements in eight directions”
Tenshō“Fluid or rolling hand,” karate kata credited to Miyagi Chojun
Tensho kataOntwikkeld door Chojun Miyagi, uit Naha op Okinawa, grondlegger Goju Karatestijl
TentoAtemi point on the top of the head, at the frontal coronal suture; also tendo
Tentori shiaiToernooi waar men bij verlies direct is uitgeschakeld (knock-out system)
Tenugui手拭いSmall hand cloth used by kendōka under their helmets to absorb sweat; also tenegui, men-tenegui or hachimaki
Te osae uke手押え受Pressing hand block
Tesaki手先Fingertips
Tessen鉄扇War fan
Tessen jutsu鉄扇術Art of using the war fan
Tetsudai手伝いAssistant, helper, help
Tettsui鉄槌Hammerfist
Tettsui uchi鉄槌打ちHammerfist strike
Te wazaVerzamelnaam voor handtechnieken
Teura手裏Inside of wrist
Tobi飛びFlying
Tobi geri飛び蹴Flying or jumping kick
Tobi kaitenSprong met rol, soort salto voorover
Tobi kataSprong methode
Tobi maegeri飛び前蹴Jumping front kick
Tobi yokogeri飛び横蹴Flying side kick
Tōde唐手Precursor to karate, “China hand”; also tōdi, tōte or toudi
Tōdejutsu唐手術Same as Tode. Jutsu means art or technique(s)
Tōdi唐手“Tang hand” or “China hand”; Okinawan precursor to karate; also also tōde, tōdi, tōteor Okinawa-te
Togeidō陶芸道The Japanese way of pottery
Tōhō刀锋Sword peak hand
TokKruisbescherming
Tōkotsu橈骨Radius (arm bone)
Tōkiryō登記料Registration fee
Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616)徳川 家康Shōgun
Tokui得意Favorite
Tokui kata得意形Favorite or chosen kata
Tokui waza得意技Favorite technique
Tokkun特訓Intensive or special training
Tōkyō東京Capital city of Japan
Tōma遠間Long range interval between opponents; one of three ranges of maai in kendō
Tome teDe hand die aanvallende techniek(en) afstopt
TomoeCirkelvormig, circulair
TonfaトンファーKobudō weapon
Traditioneel Japans wapen met origine Okinawa; ooit werkmansgereedschap; gebruikt in Budo, Kobudo en Kojutsu; wordt meestal in paren gebruikt
Tonosama gei殿様芸Dilettantism, amateurism
Tonosama keiko殿様稽古Dilettante practice; practice by those who intellectualize instead of working with the body
ToraTiger
ToranaiCommando van scheidsrechter om aan te geven date r geen punt is gescoord
ToriBird
TorimasenTechniek te zwak
Tōrō螳螂Praying mantis, a Japanese symbol of courage and cunning, and a harbinger of good fortune; also kamakiri or ōkamakiri mushi
Tōshi闘志Fighting spirit, the will to fight
Toshu no bu徒手の武Barehanded (weaponless) attack
Tsuchi fumazu土踏まずArch of the foot
Tsugi ashi次ぎ足Stutter step, move back foot even with front, then step forward with front (type of tai sabaki)
TsukaHilt, handgrip, handle; authority
Tsuka maki柄巻Wrapping the tsuka, the handle of a sword
Tsukene付け根Root, joint, base, crotch or groin
TsukiMoon
TsukiThrust or punch
Tsuki ageOpwaartse stoot
Tsukinami shaiaMaandelijkse dojo kampioenschap / wedstrijd
Tsuki no sen geiko, tsuki no sen seikō突きの千稽古 突きの千性交“A thousand thrusts in martial arts practice and a thousand thrusts in making love are the ingredients for making an individual of character.”
Tsuki no kokoro月の心Mind like the moon
Tsuki uchi突き打ちStrike to throat
Tsukite hajimeWedstrijd hervatten
Tsuki uke突受けBlok door middel van een stoottechniek
Tsuki waza突技Verzamelnaam voor alle (vereiste) stoottechnieken
Tsukuri作りConstruction; makeup
TsumaTeen / tenen
Tsumasaki爪先Toe; tip of toe
TsumeNail (body part)
Tsunagari繋がりConnection, link, relationship (between techniques)
TsuneTraining as a “daily habit”
Tsuri komi ashi钓进足Step across, two steps forward or backward, type of tai sabaki
Tsuri te吊手Lifting hand
TsuruBowstring; string that holds the shinai together; string
TsuruCrane
Tsuru ashiKruisstap verplaatsing
Tsuru ashi dachi鶴足立Stance with one foot hooked behind the other knee
Tsuru dachi鶴立Crane stance
Tsutomureba kanrazu tassu“If there is effort, there is always accomplishment”
Tsutsushimi慎みRestraint, care, discretion, modesty; propriety, circumspect and careful observance of rules
TsuwamonoSoldier; man of courage; strong person
Tsuyoi強いStrong
Tsuyoki強気Firm, strong
TsuzuketteScheidsrechters commando om door te vechten
Tsusukette hajimeScheidsrechters commando om te starten met vechten
Tuishou推手“Pushing hands” exercises of internal kung fu
TuriganeTestikels
URight; also migi
Uchi打ちStrike
UchiInside
Uchi deshi内弟子Live-in or inner student
Uchi hachiji dachi内八字立Hachiji dachi with toes pointed inward
Uchi komiHet veelvuldig herhalen van technieken (met partner)
Uchi komi geiko内込稽古Partner practice with an advanced student or teacher
Uchi koteBinnenkant voorarm
Uchi maDe afstand waarbij je met 1 enkele stap op stootafstand komt
Uchi mawashigeri内回し蹴りInner roundhouse kick
Uchi mikazuki geriNaar binnen cirkelende trap met onderkant voet / voetzool
Uchi otoshiVallende / neerwaartse slag
Uchi sune ukeScheenbeenblok van binnen naar buiten
Uchina沖縄Okinawa
UchinanNative Okinawan name for Okinawa
Uchi te打手Striking hand; the attacker
Uchi ude內腕Inside of forearm
Uchi ude uke內腕受けInner forearm block
Uchi uke內受けInner block
Uchi waza打技Striking techniques
UdeArm or forearm
Ude kansetsu腕関節Arm joint
Ude o mae yoko shita ni nobasu undō腕を前横下に伸ばす運動Double arm thrusting, junbi undō (warm-up exercise)
Ude uke腕受けForearm block
Uhō右方Right direction
Ueshiba Morihei (1883-1969)植芝 盛平Founder of aikidō
Uke受けBlock; receiving; the receiver of a technique
Uke kaeshiBlok / wering met tegenaanval
Uke waza受け技Techniques of receiving
Ukemi受身Literally, “receiving body”; breakfall
Undō運動Exercise
Unsoku運足Stepping, as in from one stance to another
UnsuHanden in de wolken
UraBackward direction or in the rear side of the opponent
Uraken裏拳Backfist
Uraken uke裏拳受けBackfist block
Ura mawashigeri裏回し蹴りReverse roundhouse kick
Ura shutō裏手刀Reverse sword hand
Ura uchi裏打ちReverse strike
Ura ukeBlok van achterste hand
Ura tsuki裏突きClose punch, bodyshot
Ushiro後ろRear
Ushiro age tsuki後ろ肋突きReverse upward punch
Ushiro ashi geri後ろ足蹴りKick with the back foot
Ushiro denkoRibbenkast aan achterzijde van het lichaam
Ushiro empi uchi後ろ肘打ちBack elbow strike
Ushiro geri後ろ蹴りBack kick
Ushiro geri keage後ろ蹴り蹴上げBack snap kick
Ushiro geri kekomi後ろ蹴り蹴込みBack thrust kick
Ushiro kakato後ろ踵Back of the heel
Ushiro mawashigeri後ろ回し蹴りReverse roundhouse kick, hook kick
Ushiro oshi後押Rear push
Ushiro tekubi後ろ手首Back of wrist
Ushiro tobi geri後ろ飛び蹴りFlying back kick
Ushiro waza後ろ技Rear techniques
Ushiro tsuki後ろ突Rear thrust (stick technique); rear punch
UtoDe brug van de neus / het neusbotje
UtsuriWisselen / veranderen
Utsuroi移ろい?Ephemerality, like the reflection in a mirror
UtsuwaCapacity
Utsuwa ga ooki器が大きいBe of high caliber, big-hearted, magnanimous
UyeUp; also ue
WaAccord or harmony
WaCircle, wheel, ring, loop
Wado ryuDe weg van de harmonie (of vrede). In 1939 door Ohtsuka Hidenori opgerichte Karatestijl. Ohtsuka was, net als Mas Oyama, ooit Karateleerling onder Funakoshi Gichin, de oprichter van de Shotokan stijl
Wakarimasu ka分かりますか“Do you understand?”
Waka sensei若先生Young master; son of the headmaster or founder
Wakai若いYoung, green, inexperienced, immature
WakiRibs, armpit, side, side kamae
Waki kage脇影Armpit
Waki no shita脇の下Armpit
WanArm; also ude or zenwan
Wan ryoku腕力Brute strength, physical strength, muscular power, force; cf seishin ryoku
Wantō腕刀Forearm, lit “arm sword,” also shubō, “arm stick”
Wan uke腕受けArm block
WashideArendshand (klauw)
WazaTechnique; also gi
Waza ari技有Half point; literally, “Almost a point”
Waza ari awasete iponWoorden waarmee de scheidsrechter aangeeft dat ippon is gescoord door voor de 2e keer een Wazari te scoren
Waza geiko技-稽古Practice in which the student learns and refines technique with a receiving partner
YaArrow
Yagai geiko野外稽古Practice outdoors in nature
Yajiri砮 or 鏃Arrowhead
Yajiri kabuyaraBarb of an arrow; head of a javelin
Yakusō薬草Medicinal herbs and their usage
Yakusoku keiko約束稽古Prearranged training
Yakusoku kumite約束組手Prearranged sparring in karate-dō
YamaMountain
Yama bushi山武士Japanese ascetic mountain hermit
Yamadera山寺Mountain temple
Yamaji uke山字受けMountain form block
Yamato damashii大和魂Japanese fighting spirit
Yama tsuki山突きMountain punch
Yama uke山受けMountain block
Yame止めCommand: “Finish/complete your movement”
Yang shi taijiquan楊氏太極拳Yang style tai chi chu’an
YariSpear
Yari jutsu槍術Art of the spear; also sōjutsu 槍術
Yasumi休みCommand to rest or relax
YoYang; cf. in 陰 (yin)
Yohon nukite四本贯手Four-fingered spear hand
Yōi用意Ready. Yo means ‘work’, I means “will’ or ‘intention’
Yo ibuki陽息吹Hard aggressive breathing (yo=yang of yin/yang)
Yōi dachi用意立ちReady stance
Yōjō養生Hygeine; health care; recuperation
Yōjō gi養生技Techniques for healing
YokoSide
Yoko dachi横立ちSide stance
Yoko empiZijwaarts gerichte elleboogstoot
Yoko empi uchi横肘打ちSide elbow strike
Yoko furimi横振り身Sideways motion
Yoko ganmen uchiZijwaartse slag met vuist naar het gelaat
Yoko geri横蹴りSide kick
Yoko geri fumikomi横蹴り踏み込みSide stamping kick
Yoko geri keage横蹴り蹴上げSide snap kick
Yoko geri kekomi横蹴り蹴込みSide thrust kick
Yoko keageZijwaarts opzwaaien van been
Yoko mawashi empi uchi横回し肘打ちSide roundhouse elbow strike
Yoko mawashi shuto uchi横回し手刀打ちSide roundhouse knife hand strike
Yoko mawashi uraken uchi横回し裏拳打ちSide backfist strike
Yoko men横面Side of the head
Yoko tobi geri横飛び蹴りFlying side kick
Yoko tsuki横突きSide punch
Yoko uchi横打ちSide strike
Yoko uke横受けSideways receiving, kenjutsu term
Yomi読みRead
YonFour; also shi
Yori ashiKorte stap verplaatsing
YoroiJapanese armor
Yōsei養成Training
Yōshūkai養秀会Japanese school of karate, lit. “Training Hall of Continued Improvement”
Yowai弱いWeak
Yowaki弱気Timid or faint-hearted presence, personality or sentiment; weak spirit
Yoyū余裕Margin, surplus, spare, as in a margin of time (to execute a technique)
Courage
YubiFinger; also te no yubi
Yubi no fushi指の節Knuckle
Yūdansha有段者Holder of a dan grade
Yūga優雅Elegance, grace, refinement
Yūgen幽玄Subtle beauty, lit. “profound mystery”
Yūkan勇敢Brave, gallant, heroic
Yūkansa勇敢さBravery, heroism, gallantry
YukiSnow or snowflake
Yūki勇気Courage, bravery
Yukkuri徐り?Slowly
YumiBow; also kyū
Yusei kachiWinst door overduidelijk krachtsverschil
YushoWinnaar / overwinnaar
Yūsanso undō有酸素運動Aerobic exercise
ZaSitting or seated
Za geri座蹴りSitting or kneeling kick
ZaitekiSkill level when actions do not require conscious thought
Zanshin残心Remaining mind
Za rei座礼Seated bow
Za zen座禅Seated meditation
ZekkenGeborduurd embleem (op borst of mouw van Dogi) met naam en / of dojo vermelding
ZenFront, prior, previous, last; also mae
ZenAll
Zen禪 or 禅A Japanese form of Chinese Ch’an Buddhism
Zengaku前額Forehead
Zenka fuza全跏趺坐Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenkaza, kaza, kafuza
Zankaza全跏坐Full lotus seated position; also kekka fuza, zenka fuza, kaza, kafuza
Zenkoku taikaiNationale kampioenschappen
Zenkutsu前屈Forward bent
Zenkutsu dachi前屈立Front stance
ZenpoVoor of voorwaarts
Zenpo kaiten ukemiVoorwaartse rol / valbreektechniek
Zenpo ukemiVoorwaartse valbreektechniek
Zenshin全身Entire body
Zenshin前進Advance, drive or progress
Zenshin前身Antecedents, ancestor, previous position, predecessor organization
ZentaiAlles; het totale
Zenwan全腕Forearm
Zenwan hitai mae yoko gamae全腕額前横構えForearm at side of forehead posture, as in the opening block of Pinan Nidan
Zenyō善用Good use
Zenzoku前足Ball of foot; also koshi or jōsokutei
ZokoCommando waarmee een scheidsrechter vechters aanspoort om door te gaan met vechten
Zokuju俗儒Mediocre scholar
ZoriSlippers die worden gebruikt om de afstand van kleedkamer naar Dojo te overbruggen
ZuHead, brains, hair, chief, boss, leader, beginning
ZubonズボンPants or trousers, esp for keikogi
Zuki突きThrust or punch, when characters for tsuki used in combination with others, e.g.gyakutsuki 逆突
Zu tsukiKopstoot, aanval met hoofd
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